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Sattakanipātapāḷi
Sattakanipātapāḷi

16(6)Impermanence

Author: Bhikkhu Bodhi @ IAPT

16(6)Impermanence

"Bhikkhus,there are these seven kinds of persons who are worthy of gifts,worthy of hospitality,worthy of offerings,worthy of reverential salutation,an unsurpassed field of merit for the world;
What seven?
(1)"Here,bhikkhus,some person dwells contemplating impermanence in all conditioned phenomena,perceiving impermanence,experiencing impermanence,constantly,continuously,and uninterruptedly focusing on it with the mind,fathoming it with wisdom.
With the destruction of the taints,he has realized for himself with direct knowledge,in this very life,the taintless liberation of mind,liberation by wisdom,and having entered upon it,he dwells in it.
This is the first kind ofperson worthy of gifts,worthy of hospitality,worthy of offerings,worthy of reverential salutation,an unsurpassed field ofmerit for the world.
(2)"Again,some person dwells contemplating impermanence in all conditioned phenomena,perceiving impermanence,experiencing impermanence,constantly,continuously,and uninterruptedly focusing on it with the mind,fathomingit with wisdom.
For him the exhaustion of the taints and the exhaustion of life occur simultaneously. At Pp 13(BeS16)this person is called a samasisi,lit.,"a same-header."Mp explains that there are four kinds of samasisi.(1)One who has been ill and attains the destruction of the taints at the same time that he recovers from the illness is called an"illness same-header"(rogasamasisi).(2)One who has been afflicted with a severe painful feeling and attains the destruction of the taints at the same time that he overcomes the pain is called a"feeling same-header"(vedanasamasisi).(3)One who has been practicing insight in a particular posture and attains the destruction of the taints at the same time that he breaks the posture is called a"posture same-header"(iriyapathasamasisi).(4)And one who attains the destruction of the taints at the same time that his life ends is called a"life same-header"(jivitasamasisī).In this sutta,the"life same-header"is intended.
This is the second kind of person worthy of gifts....
(3)"Again,bhikkhus,some person dwells contemplating impermanence in all conditioned phenomena,perceiving impermanence,experiencing impermanence,constantly,continuously,and uninterruptedly focusing on it with the mind, fathoming it with wisdom.

With [14]the utter destruction of the five lower fetters,he becomes an attainer of nibbāna in the interval.Antaraparinibbayi.Lit.,"one who attains nibbāna in between(or along the way)."Pp 16(Be S36)defines this person as one who eliminates the five lower fetters,takes spontaneous birth,and then,either immediately after being reborn or(at the latest)before reaching the middle of the life span,generates the path for abandoning the five higher fetters.Similarly,Mp defines this type as a person who is reborn somewhere among the pure abodes(suddhavasesu)and then attains arahantship either at the time of rebirth,slightly afterward,or before reaching the middle of the life span.In spite of these authorized definitions,I believe there is textual evidence that the name of this type should be understood to mean literally that he attains the destruction of the taints in between or along the way(antara),that is,between two lives,and then attains final nibbāna without taking rebirth at all. See 4:131 and p.1701,note 829.I give further arguments for this interpretation below in note 1536 on p.1782. This is the third kind of person worthy of gifts....

(4)"...With the utter destruction of the five lower fetters, he becomes an attainer of nibbāna upon landing. Upahaccaparinibbayi.Both Pp17(Be S37)and Mp define this type as one who eliminates the five lower fetters,takes spontaneous rebirth (in the pure abodes),and then reaches arahantship after passing the middle of the life span or,at the latest,at the time of death.Again,as I will maintain in relation to 7:55,there are suggestions in the Nikāyas that this type is one who attains the destruction of the taints almost immediately after taking rebirth in the pure abodes.See p.1782,note 1537.This is the fourth kind of person worthy of gifts....

(5)“...With the utter destruction of the five lower fetters,he becomes an attainer of nibbāna without exertion. The difference between (5)and (6)is probably determined primarily on the basis of the amount of effort they must put forth to win the goal.Pp17(Be SS38-39)says merely that one generates the path without effort and the other as the result of effort. In any case,on the commentarial interpretation these two become,not separate types of non-returners,but two modes in which the first two types(the antaraparinibbayī and the upahaccaparinibbayī)attain nibbāna.Such an explanation would reduce the distinct types of non-returners to three.This would override the sequential and mutually exclusive nature of the five types,which is implied by the fivefold classification and strongly suggested by the similes of 7:55. This is the fifth kind of person worthy of gifts....

(6)"...With the utter destruction of the five lower fetters,hebecomes an attainer of nibbāna through exertion.This is thesixth kind of person worthy of gifts....

(7)"Again,bhikkhus,some person dwehls contemplatingimpermanence in all conditioned phenomena,perceivingimpermanence,experiencing impermanence,constantly,continuously,and uninterruptedly focusing on it with the mind,fathoming it with wisdom:With the utter destruction of thefive lower fetters,he becomes one bound upstream,headingtoward the Akanittha realm. See p.1701,note 828.

This is the seventh kind of person worthy of gifts....
"These,bhikkhus,are the seven kinds of persons who areworthy of gifts,worthy of hospitality,worthy of offerings,worthy of reverential salutation;an unsurpassed field of meritfor the world."