26(6)Liberation
"Bhikkhus,there are these five bases of liberation
Vimuttayatanani.Mp:“Causes of being liberated”(vimuccana-karanāni). by means of which,if a bhikkhu dwells heedful,ardent,and resolute,his unliberated mind is liberated,his undestroyed taints are utterly destroyed,and he reaches the as-yet-unreached unsurpassed security from bondage.
What five?
(1)"Here,bhikkhus,the Teacher or a fellow monk in the position of a teacher teaches the Dhamma to a bhikkhu.
In whatever way the Teacher or that fellow monk in the position of a teacher teaches the Dhamma to the bhikkhu,in just that way he experiences inspiration in the meaning and inspiration in the Dhamma.
So tasmim dhamme atthapatisamvedi ca hoti dhammapatisamvedī ca.Mp explains atthapatisamvedi as "one knowing the meaning of the text"(pali-attham jananitassa)-and dhammapatisamvedi as "one knowing the text”(palim janantassa);but this explanation is certainly too narrow and anachronistic.At 6:10,we find labhatiatthavedam labhatidhammavedam,which I render"[he]gains inspiration in the meaning,inspiration in the Dhamma."The stem of patisamvedī is vedi,which obviously connects atthapatisamvedī and dhammapatisamvedi to atthaveda and'dhamimaveda.The rootvid is related both to vijja,knowledge,and vedana,feeling.Thus I suggest veda should be understood as inspired knowledge,or“inspiration,”which gives rise to pamojja and piti,joy and rapture.It is likely that atthapatisamwedi and dhammapatisamvedi are related to atthapatisambhida and dhammapatisambhida,though in Pali the latter are connected to the verb bhindati,“to break,to divide."See too pp.1643-44,note 403.
As he does so,joy arises in him.
When he is joyful,rapture arises.
For one with a rapturous mind,the body becomes tranquil.
One tranquil in body feels pleasure.
For one feeling pleasure,the mind becomes concentrated.
Mp explains this to mean"he is concentrated by the concentration of the fruit of arahantship"(arahattaphalasamadhinā samadhiyati).It seems improbable to me that this was,the original intention,for the context suggests that this is a concentration that serves as the basis for insight,and thereafter for the attainment of path and fruit,not a concentration that occurs subsequent to realization.
This is the first basis of liberation,by means of which,if a bhikkhu dwells heedful,ardent,and resolute,his unliberated mind is liberated,his undestroyed taints are utterly destroyed,and he reaches the as-yet-unreached unsurpassed security from bondage.
(2)"Again,neither the Teacher nor a fellow monk in the
position of a teacher teaches the Dhamma to a bhikkhu,but he
himself teaches the Dhamma to others in detail as he has heard
it and learned it.
In whatever way the bhikkhu [22]teaches the
Dhamma to others in detail as he has heard it and learned it,
in just that way,in relation to that Dhamma,he experiences
inspiration in the meaning and inspiration in the Dhamma.
As
he does so,joy arises in him:
When he is joyful,rapture arises.
For one with a rapturous mind,the body becomes tranquil.
One tranquil in body feels pleasure.
For one feeling pleasure,the
mind becomes concentrated.
This is the second basis of liberation,by means of which,if a bhikkhu dwells heedful,ardent,
and resolute,his unliberated mind is liberated,his undestroyed
taints are utterly destroyed,and he reaches the as-yet-unreached
unsurpassed security from bondage.
(3)"Again,neither the Teacher ncr a fellow monkin the position of a teacher teaches the Dhamma to a bhikkhu,nor does hehimself teach the Dhamma to others in detail as he has heard it and learned it,but he recites the Dhamma in detail as he has heard it and learned it.
In whatever way the bhikkhu recites the Dhamma in detail as he has heard it and learned it,in just that way,in relation to that Dhamma,he experiences inspiration in the meaning and inspiration in the Dhamma.
As he does so,joy arises in him.
When he is joyful,rapture arises.
For one with a rapturous mind,the body becomes tranquil.
One tranquil in body feels pleasure.
For one feeling pleasure,the mind becomes concentrated.
This is the third basis of liberation,by means of which,if a bhikkhu dwells heedful,ardent,and resolute,his unliberated mind is liberated,his undestroyed taints are utterly destroyed,and he reaches the as-yet-unreached unsurpassed security from bondage.
(4)"Again,neither the Teacher nor a fellow monk in the position of a teacher teaches the Dhamma to a bhikkhu,nordoes he teach the Dhamma to others in detail as he has heardit and learned it,nor does he recite the Dhamma in detail as hehas heard it and learned it,
but he ponders,[23]examines,and mentally inspects the Dhamma as he has heard it and learned it.
In whatever way the bhikkhu ponders,examines,and mentally inspects the Dhamma as he has heard it and learned it,in justthat way,in relation to that Dhamma,he experiences inspiration in the meaning and inspiration in the Dhamma.
As he does so,joy arises in him.
When he is joyful,rapture arises.
For one with a rapturous mind,the body becomes tranquil.
One tranquil in body feels pleasure.
For one feeling pleasure,the mind becomes concentrated.
This is the fourth basis of liberation,by means ofwhich,if a bhikkhu dwells heedful,ardent,and resolute,his unliberated mind is liberated,his undestroyed taints are utterly destroyed,and he reaches the as-yet-unreached unsurpassed security from bondage.
(5)"Again,neither the Teacher nor a fellow monk in theposition of a teacher teaches the Dhamma to a bhikkhu,nordoes he teach the Dhamma to others in detail as he has heardit and learned it,nor does he recite the Dhamma in detail as hehas heard it and learned it,nor does he ponder,examine,and mentally inspect the Dhamma as he has heard it and learned it;
but he has grasped well a certain object of concentration,attended to it well,sustained it well,and penetrated it well with wisdom.
In whatever way the bhikkhu has grasped well a certain object of concentration,attended to it well,sustainedit well,and penetrated it well with wisdom,in just that way,in relation to that Dhamma,he experiences inspiration in the meaning and inspiration in the Dhamma.
As he does so,joy arises in him.
When he is joyful,rapture arises.
For one with a rapturous mind,the body becomes tranquil.
One tranquil in body feels pleasure.
For one feeling pleasure,the mind becomes concentrated.
This is the fifth basis of liberation,by means of which,if a blikkhu dwells heedful,ardent,and resolute,[24]his unliberated mind is liberated,his undestroyed taints are utterly destroyed,and he reaches the as-yet-unreached unsurpassed security from bondage.
"These,bhikkhus,are the five bases of liberation,by means of which,if a bhikkhu dwells heedful,ardent,and resolute,his unliberated mind is liberated,his undestroyed taints are utterly destroyed,and he reaches the as-yet-unreached unsurpassed security from bondage."