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Dutiyadasabalasuttavaṇṇanā

Author: _System_commentary_ @ Administrator

2. Dutiyadasabalasuttavaṇṇanā

22. Dutiyaṃ bhagavatā attano ajjhāsayassa vasena vuttaṃ . Tattha dasabalasamannāgatoti dasahi balehi samannāgato . Balañca nāmetaṃ duvidhaṃ kāyabalañca ñāṇabalañca . Tesu tathāgatassa kāyabalaṃ hatthikulānusārena veditabbaṃ . Vuttañhetaṃ porāṇehi – ‘‘ Kāḷāvakañca gaṅgeyyaṃ , paṇḍaraṃ tambapiṅgalaṃ ; Gandhamaṅgalahemañca , uposathachaddantime dasā ’’ ti .( ma . ni . aṭṭha .1.148; vibha . aṭṭha .760); – Imāni dasa hatthikulāni . Tattha kāḷāvakan ti pakatihatthikulaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ . Yaṃ dasannaṃ purisānaṃ kāyabalaṃ , taṃ ekassa kāḷāvakassa hatthino . Yaṃ dasannaṃ kāḷāvakānaṃ balaṃ , taṃ ekassa gaṅgeyyassa . Yaṃ dasannaṃP2.44 gaṅgeyyānaṃ , taṃ ekassa paṇḍarassa . Yaṃ dasannaṃ paṇḍarānaṃ , taṃ ekassa tambassa . Yaṃ dasannaṃ tambānaṃ , taṃ ekassa piṅgalassa . Yaṃ dasannaṃ piṅgalānaṃ , taṃ ekassa gandhahatthino . Yaṃ dasannaṃ gandhahatthīnaṃ , taṃ ekassa maṅgalassa . Yaṃ dasannaṃ maṅgalānaṃ , taṃ ekassa hemavatassa . Yaṃ dasannaṃ hemavatānaṃ , taṃ ekassa uposathassa . Yaṃ dasannaṃ uposathānaṃ , taṃ ekassa chaddantassa . Yaṃ dasannaṃ chaddantānaṃ , taṃ ekassa tathāgatassa . Nārāyanasaṅghātabalantipi idameva vuccati . Tadetaṃ pakatihatthigaṇanāya hatthīnaṃ koṭisahassānaṃ , purisagaṇanāya dasannaṃ purisakoṭisahassānaṃ balaṃ hoti . Idaṃ tāva tathāgatassa kāyabalaṃ . ‘‘ Dasabalasamannāgato ’’ ti ettha pana etaṃ saṅgahaṃ na gacchati . Etañhi bāhirakaṃ lāmakaṃ tiracchānagatānaṃ sīhādīnampi hoti . Etañhi nissāya dukkhapariññā vā samudayappahānaṃ vā maggabhāvanā vā phalasacchikiriyā vāV2.40 natthi . Aññaṃ pana dasasu ṭhānesu akampanatthena upatthambhanatthena ca dasavidhaṃ ñāṇabalaṃ nāma atthi . Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘ dasabalasamannāgato ’’ ti . KatamaṃM2.42 pana tanti ? Ṭhānāṭṭhānādīnaṃ yathābhūtaṃ jānanaṃ . Seyyathidaṃ – ṭhānañca ṭhānato aṭṭhānañca aṭṭhānato jānanaṃ ekaṃ , atītānāgatapaccuppannānaṃ kammasamādānānaṃ ṭhānaso hetuso yathābhūtaṃ vipākajānanaṃ ekaṃ , sabbatthagāminipaṭipadājānanaṃ ekaṃ , anekadhātunānādhātulokajānanaṃ ekaṃ , parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ nānādhimuttikatājānanaṃ ekaṃ , tesaṃyeva indriyaparopariyattajānanaṃ ekaṃ , jhānavimokkhasamādhisamāpattīnaṃ saṃkilesavodānavuṭṭhānajānanaṃ ekaṃ , pubbenivāsajānanaṃ ekaṃ , sattānaṃ cutūpapātajānanaṃ ekaṃ , āsavakkhayajānanaṃ ekanti . Abhidhamme pana – ‘‘ Idha tathāgato ṭhānañca ṭhānato aṭṭhānañca aṭṭhānato yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti . Yampi tathāgato ṭhānañca ṭhānato aṭṭhānañca aṭṭhānato yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti . Idampi tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti , yaṃ balaṃ āgamma tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānātiP2.45 , parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati , brahmacakkaṃ pavattetī ’’ ti . Ādinā ( vibha .760) nayena vitthārato āgatāneva . Atthavaṇṇanāpi nesaṃ vibhaṅgaṭṭhakathāyañceva ( vibha . aṭṭha .760) papañcasūdaniyā ca majjhimaṭṭhakathāya ( ma . ni . aṭṭha .1.148) sabbākārato vuttā . Sā tattha vuttanayeneva gahetabbā . Catūhi ca vesārajjehīti ettha sārajjapaṭipakkhaṃ vesārajjaṃ , catūsu ṭhānesu vesārajjabhāvaṃ paccavekkhantassa uppannasomanassamayañāṇassetaṃ nāmaṃ . Katamesu catūsu ? ‘‘ Sammāsambuddhassa te paṭijānato ime dhammā anabhisambuddhā ’’ tiādīsu codanāvatthūsu . Tatrāyaṃ pāḷi – ‘‘ Cattārimāni , bhikkhave , tathāgatassa vesārajjāni … pe …. Katamāni cattāri ? ‘ Sammāsambuddhassa te paṭijānato ime dhammā anabhisambuddhā ’ ti tatra vata maṃ samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā devo vā māro vā brahmā vā koci vā lokasmiṃ saha dhammenaV2.41 paṭicodessatīti nimittametaṃ , bhikkhave , na samanupassāmi . Etamahaṃ , bhikkhave , nimittaṃ asamanupassanto khemappatto abhayappatto vesārajjappatto viharāmi . ‘ Khīṇāsavassa te paṭijānatoM2.43 ime āsavā aparikkhīṇā ’ ti tatra vata maṃ … pe …‘ ye kho pana te antarāyikā dhammā vuttā , te paṭisevato nālaṃ antarāyāyā ’ ti tatra vata maṃ … pe …‘ yassa kho pana te atthāya dhammo desito , so na niyyāti takkarassa sammā dukkhakkhayāyā ’ ti tatra vata maṃ samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā … pe … vesārajjappatto viharāmī ’’ ti ( a . ni .4.8). Āsabhaṃ ṭhānan ti seṭṭhaṭṭhānaṃ uttamaṭṭhānaṃ . Āsabhā vā pubbabuddhā , tesaṃ ṭhānanti attho . Apica gavasatajeṭṭhako usabho , gavasahassajeṭṭhako vasabho , vajasatajeṭṭhako vā usabho , vajasahassajeṭṭhako vasabho , sabbagavaseṭṭho sabbaparissayasaho seto pāsādiko mahābhāravaho asanisatasaddehipi asampakampiyo nisabho , so idha usabhoti adhippeto . Idampi hi tassa pariyāyavacanaṃ . Usabhassa idanti āsabhaṃ . Ṭhānan ti catūhi pādehi pathaviṃ uppīḷetvā avaṭṭhānaṃ ( ma . ni .1.150). Idaṃ pana āsabhaṃ viyāti āsabhaṃ . Yatheva hi nisabhasaṅkhāto usabho usabhabalenaP2.46 samannāgato catūhi pādehi pathaviṃ uppīḷetvā acalaṭṭhānena tiṭṭhati , evaṃ tathāgatopi dasahi tathāgatabalehi samannāgato catūhi vesārajjapādehi aṭṭhaparisapathaviṃ uppīḷetvā sadevake loke kenaci paccatthikena paccāmittena akampiyo acalaṭṭhānena tiṭṭhati . Evaṃ tiṭṭhamāno ca taṃ āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti upagacchati na paccakkhāti , attani āropeti . Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘ āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānātī ’’ ti . Parisāsūti ‘‘ aṭṭha kho imā , sāriputta , parisā . Katamā aṭṭha ? Khattiyaparisā brāhmaṇaparisā gahapatiparisā samaṇaparisā cātumahārājikaparisā tāvatiṃsaparisā māraparisā brahmaparisā ’’ ti , imāsu aṭṭhasu parisāsu . Sīhanādaṃ nadatīti seṭṭhanādaṃ abhītanādaṃ nadati , sīhanādasadisaṃ vā nādaṃ nadati . Ayamattho sīhanādasuttena dīpetabbo . Yathā vā sīho sahanato ceva hananato ca sīhoti vuccati , evaṃ tathāgato lokadhammānaṃ sahanato parappavādānañca hananato sīhoti vuccati . Evaṃ vuttassa sīhassa nādaṃ sīhanādaṃ . Tattha yathā sīho sīhabalena samannāgato sabbattha visārado vigatalomahaṃso sīhanādaṃM2.44 nadati , evaṃ tathāgatasīhopi tathāgatabalehi samannāgato aṭṭhasu parisāsu visārado vigatalomahaṃso ,‘‘ iti rūpan ’’ tiādināV2.42 nayena nānāvidhadesanāvilāsasampannaṃ sīhanādaṃ nadati . Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘ parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadatī ’’ ti . Brahmacakkaṃ pavattetīti ettha brahman ti seṭṭhaṃ uttamaṃ , visuddhassa dhammacakkassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ . Taṃ pana dhammacakkaṃ duvidhaṃ hoti paṭivedhañāṇañca desanāñāṇañca . Tattha paññāpabhāvitaṃ attano ariyaphalāvahaṃ paṭivedhañāṇaṃ , karuṇāpabhāvitaṃ sāvakānaṃ ariyaphalāvahaṃ desanāñāṇaṃ . Tattha paṭivedhañāṇaṃ uppajjamānaṃ uppannanti duvidhaṃ . Tañhi abhinikkhamanato paṭṭhāya yāva arahattamaggā uppajjamānaṃ , phalakkhaṇe uppannaṃ nāma . Tusitabhavanato vā yāva mahābodhipallaṅke arahattamaggā uppajjamānaṃ , phalakkhaṇe uppannaṃ nāma . Dīpaṅkarato vā paṭṭhāya yāva arahattamaggā uppajjamānaṃP2.47 , phalakkhaṇe uppannaṃ nāma . Desanāñāṇampi pavattamānaṃ pavattanti duvidhaṃ . Tañhi yāva aññāsikoṇḍaññassa sotāpattimaggā pavattamānaṃ , phalakkhaṇe pavattaṃ nāma . Tesu paṭivedhañāṇaṃ lokuttaraṃ , desanāñāṇaṃ lokiyaṃ . Ubhayampi panetaṃ aññehi asādhāraṇaṃ buddhānaṃyeva orasañāṇaṃ . Idāni yaṃ iminā ñāṇena samannāgato sīhanādaṃ nadati , taṃ dassetuṃ iti rūpan tiādimāha .
Tattha iti rūpan ti idaṃ rūpaṃ ettakaṃ rūpaṃ , ito uddhaṃ rūpaṃ natthīti ruppanasabhāvañceva bhūtupādāyabhedañca ādiṃ katvā lakkhaṇarasapaccupaṭṭhānapadaṭṭhānavasena anavasesarūpapariggaho vutto . Iti rūpassa samudayoti iminā evaṃ pariggahitassa rūpassa samudayo vutto . Tattha itīti evaṃ samudayo hotīti attho . Tassa vitthāro ‘‘ avijjāsamudayā rūpasamudayo taṇhāsamudayā , kammasamudayā āhārasamudayā rūpasamudayoti nibbattilakkhaṇaṃ passantopi rūpakkhandhassa udayaṃ passatī ’’ ti ( paṭi . ma .1.50) evaṃ veditabbo . Atthaṅgamepi ‘‘ avijjānirodhā rūpanirodho … pe … vipariṇāmalakkhaṇaṃ passantopi rūpakkhandhassa nirodhaṃ passatī ’’ ti ayaṃ vitthāro . Iti vedanātiādīsupi ayaṃ vedanā ettakā vedanā , ito uddhaṃ vedanā natthi , ayaṃ saññā , ime saṅkhārā , idaṃ viññāṇaṃ ettakaṃ viññāṇaṃM2.45 , ito uddhaṃ viññāṇaṃ natthīti vedayitasañjānanaabhisaṅkharaṇavijānanasabhāvañceva sukhādirūpasaññādiphassādicakkhuviññāṇādibhedañca ādiṃ katvā lakkhaṇarasapaccupaṭṭhānapadaṭṭhānavasena anavasesavedanāsaññāsaṅkhāraviññāṇapariggahoV2.43 vutto . Iti vedanāya samudayotiādīhi pana evaṃ pariggahitānaṃ vedanāsaññāsaṅkhāraviññāṇānaṃ samudayo vutto . Tatrāpi itīti evaṃ samudayo hotīti attho . Tesampi vitthāro ‘‘ avijjāsamudayā vedanāsamudayo ’’ ti ( paṭi . ma .1.50) rūpe vuttanayeneva veditabbo . Ayaṃ pana viseso – tīsu khandhesu ‘‘ āhārasamudayā ’’ ti avatvā ‘‘ phassasamudayā ’’ ti vattabbaṃ , viññāṇakkhandhe ‘‘ nāmarūpasamudayā ’’ ti . Atthaṅgamapadampi tesaṃyeva vasena yojetabbaṃ . Ayamettha saṅkhepo . Vitthārato pana udayabbayavinicchayo sabbākāraparipūro visuddhimagge vutto .
ImasmiṃP2.48 sati idaṃ hotīti ayampi aparo sīhanādo . Tassattho – imasmiṃ avijjādike paccaye sati idaṃ saṅkhārādikaṃ phalaṃ hoti . Imassuppādā idaṃ uppajjatīti imassa avijjādikassa paccayassa uppādā idaṃ saṅkhārādikaṃ phalaṃ uppajjati .
Imasmiṃ asati idaṃ na hotīti imasmiṃ avijjādike paccaye asati idaṃ saṅkhārādikaṃ phalaṃ na hoti . Imassa nirodhā idaṃ nirujjhatīti imassa avijjādikassa paccayassa nirodhā idaṃ saṅkhārādikaṃ phalaṃ nirujjhati .
Idāni yathā taṃ hoti ceva nirujjhati ca , taṃ vitthārato dassetuṃ yadidaṃ avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārātiādimāha .
Evaṃ svākkhātoti evaṃ pañcakkhandhavibhajanādivasena suṭṭhu akkhāto kathito . Dhammoti pañcakkhandhapaccayākāradhammo . Uttānoti anikujjito . Vivaṭoti vivaritvā ṭhapito . Pakāsitoti dīpito jotito . Chinnapilotikoti pilotikā vuccati chinnaṃ bhinnaṃ tattha tattha sibbitagaṇṭhitaṃ jiṇṇavatthaṃ , taṃ yassa natthīti aṭṭhahatthaṃ navahatthaṃ vā ahatasāṭakaṃ nivattho , so chinnapilotiko nāma . Ayampi dhammo tādiso . Na hettha kohaññādivasena chinnabhinnasibbitagaṇṭhitabhāvo atthi . Apica khuddakasāṭakopi pilotikāti vuccati , sā yassa natthi , aṭṭhanavahattho mahāpaṭo atthi , sopi chinnapilotiko , apagatapilotikoti attho . Tādiso ayaṃ dhammo . Yathā hi catuhatthaṃ sāṭakaṃM2.46 gahetvā pariggahaṇaṃ karonto puriso ito cito ca añchanto kilamati , evaṃ bāhirakasamaye pabbajitā attano parittakaṃ dhammaṃ ‘‘ evaṃ sati evaṃ bhavissatī ’’ ti kappetvā kappetvā vaḍḍhentā kilamanti . Yathā pana aṭṭhahatthanavahatthena pariggahaṇaṃ karonto yathāruci pārupati na kilamati , natthi tattha añchitvā vaḍḍhanakiccaṃ ; evaṃ imasmimpi dhamme kappetvā kappetvā vibhajanakiccaṃ natthi , tehi tehi kāraṇehi mayāva ayaṃ dhammo suvibhatto suvitthāritoti idampi sandhāya ‘‘ chinnapilotiko ’’ ti āha . ApicaP2.49 kacavaropiV2.44 pilotikāti vuccati , imasmiñca sāsane samaṇakacavaraṃ nāma patiṭṭhātuṃ na labhati . Tenevāha – ‘‘ Kāraṇḍavaṃ niddhamatha , kasambuṃ apakassatha ; Tato palāpe vāhetha , assamaṇe samaṇamānine . ‘‘ Niddhamitvāna pāpicche , pāpaācāragocare ; Suddhā suddhehi saṃvāsaṃ , kappayavho patissatā ; Tato samaggā nipakā , dukkhassantaṃ karissathā ’’ ti .( a . ni .8.10); Iti samaṇakacavarassa chinnattāpi ayaṃ dhammo chinnapilotiko nāma hoti .
Alamevāti yuttameva . Saddhāpabbajitenāti saddhāya pabbajitena . Kulaputtenāti dve kulaputtā ācārakulaputto jātikulaputto ca . Tattha yo yato kutoci kulā pabbajitvā sīlādayo pañca dhammakkhandhe pūreti , ayaṃ ācārakulaputto nāma . Yo pana yasakulaputtādayo viya jātisampannakulā pabbajito , ayaṃ jātikulaputto nāma . Tesu idha ācārakulaputto adhippeto . Sace pana jātikulaputto ācāravā hoti , ayaṃ uttamoyeva . Evarūpena kulaputtena . Vīriyaṃ ārabhitun ti caturaṅgasamannāgataṃ vīriyaṃ kātuṃ .
Idānissa caturaṅgaṃ dassento kāmaṃ taco cātiādimāha . Ettha hi taco ekaṃ aṅgaṃ , nhāru ekaṃ , aṭṭhi ekaṃ , maṃsalohitaṃ ekanti . Idañca pana caturaṅgasamannāgataṃ vīriyaṃ adhiṭṭhahantena navasu ṭhānesu samādhātabbaṃ purebhatte pacchābhatte purimayāme majjhimayāme pacchimayāme gamane ṭhāne nisajjāya sayaneti .
DukkhaṃM2.47 , bhikkhave , kusīto viharatīti imasmiṃ sāsane yo kusīto puggalo , so dukkhaṃ viharati . Bāhirasamaye pana yo kusīto , so sukhaṃ viharati . Vokiṇṇoti missībhūto . Sadatthan ti sobhanaṃ vā atthaṃ sakaṃ vā atthaṃ , ubhayenāpi arahattameva adhippetaṃ . Parihāpetīti hāpeti na pāpuṇāti . Kusītapuggalassa hi cha dvārāni aguttāni honti , tīṇi kammāni aparisuddhāni , ājīvaṭṭhamakaṃ sīlaṃ apariyodātaṃ , bhinnājīvo kulūpako hoti . So sabrahmacārīnaṃ akkhimhi patitarajaṃ viya upaghātakaroP2.50 hutvā dukkhaṃ viharati , pīṭhamaddano cevaV2.45 hoti laṇḍapūrako ca , satthu ajjhāsayaṃ gahetuṃ na sakkoti , dullabhaṃ khaṇaṃ virādheti , tena bhutto raṭṭhapiṇḍopi na mahapphalo hoti .
Āraddhavīriyo ca kho , bhikkhaveti āraddhavīriyo puggalo imasmiṃyeva sāsane sukhaṃ viharati . Bāhirasamaye pana yo āraddhavīriyo , so dukkhaṃ viharati . Pavivittoti vivitto viyutto hutvā . Sadatthaṃ paripūretīti arahattaṃ pāpuṇāti . Āraddhavīriyassa hi cha dvārāni suguttāni honti , tīṇi kammāni parisuddhāni , ājīvaṭṭhamakaṃ sīlaṃ pariyodātaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ akkhimhi susītalañjanaṃ viya dhātugatacandanaṃ viya ca manāpo hutvā sukhaṃ viharati , satthu ajjhāsayaṃ gahetuṃ sakkoti . Satthā hi – ‘‘ Ciraṃ jīva mahāvīra , kappaṃ tiṭṭha mahāmunī ’’ ti – Evaṃ gotamiyā vandito ,‘‘ na kho , gotami , tathāgatā evaṃ vanditabbā ’’ ti paṭikkhipitvā tāya yācito vanditabbākāraṃ ācikkhanto evamāha – ‘‘ Āraddhavīriye pahitatte , niccaṃ daḷhaparakkame ; Samagge sāvake passa , esā buddhāna vandanā ’’ ti .( apa . therī 2.2.171); Evaṃ āraddhavīriyo satthu ajjhāsayaṃ gahetuṃ sakkoti , dullabhaṃ khaṇaṃ na virādheti . Tassa hi buddhuppādo dhammadesanā saṅghasuppaṭipatti saphalā hoti saudrayā , raṭṭhapiṇḍopi tena bhutto mahapphalo hoti .
HīnenaM2.48 aggassāti hīnāya saddhāya hīnena vīriyena hīnāya satiyā hīnena samādhinā hīnāya paññāya aggasaṅkhātassa arahattassa patti nāma na hoti .
Aggena ca khoti aggehi saddhādīhi aggassa arahattassa patti hoti .
Maṇḍapeyyan ti pasannaṭṭhena maṇḍaṃ , pātabbaṭṭhena peyyaṃ . Yañhi pivitvā antaravīthiyaṃ patito visaññī attano sāṭakādīnampi assāmiko hoti , taṃV2.46 pasannampi na pātabbaṃ , mayhaṃ pana sāsanaṃP2.51 evaṃ pasannañca pātabbañcāti dassento ‘‘ maṇḍapeyyan ’’ ti āha . Tattha tividho maṇḍo – desanāmaṇḍo , paṭiggahamaṇḍo , brahmacariyamaṇḍoti . Katamo desanāmaṇḍo ? Catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ ācikkhanā desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṃ , catunnaṃ satipaṭṭhānānaṃ … pe … ariyassa aṭṭhaṅgikassa maggassa ācikkhanā … pe … uttānīkammaṃ , ayaṃ desanāmaṇḍo . Katamo paṭiggahamaṇḍo ? Bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo devā manussā ye vā panaññepi keci viññātāro , ayaṃ paṭiggahamaṇḍo . Katamo brahmacariyamaṇḍo ? Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo , seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi … pe … sammāsamādhi , ayaṃ brahmacariyamaṇḍo . Apica adhimokkhamaṇḍo saddhindriyaṃ , assaddhiyaṃ kasaṭo , assaddhiyaṃ kasaṭaṃ chaḍḍetvā saddhindriyassa adhimokkhamaṇḍaṃ pivatīti maṇḍapeyyantiādināpi ( paṭi . ma .1.238) nayenettha attho veditabbo . Satthā sammukhībhūtoti idamettha kāraṇavacanaṃ . Yasmā satthā sammukhībhūto , tasmā vīriyasampayogaṃ katvā pivatha etaṃ maṇḍaṃ . Bāhirakañhi bhesajjamaṇḍampi vejjassa asammukhā pivantānaṃ pamāṇaṃ vā uggamanaṃ vā niggamanaṃ vā na jānāmāti āsaṅkā hoti . Vejjasammukhā pana ‘‘ vejjo jānissatī ’’ ti nirāsaṅkā pivanti . Evameva amhākaṃ dhammassāmi satthā sammukhībhūtoti vīriyaṃ katvā pivathāti maṇḍapāne nesaṃ niyojento tasmātiha , bhikkhavetiādimāha .
Tattha saphalāti sānisaṃsā . Saudrayāti savaḍḍhi .
Idāni niyojanānurūpaṃ sikkhitabbataṃ niddisanto attatthaṃ vā hi , bhikkhavetiādimāha . Tattha attatthan ti attano atthabhūtaṃ arahattaṃ . Appamādena sampādetun ti appamādena sabbakiccāni kātuṃ .
Paratthan ti paccayadāyakānaṃ mahapphalānisaṃsaṃ .
Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti .
Dutiyaṃ .