7. Cātumasuttaṃ

157. EvaṃT2.193V2.129 me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā cātumāyaṃ viharati āmalakīvane .

Tena kho pana samayena sāriputtamoggallānappamukhāni pañcamattāni bhikkhusatāni cātumaṃ anuppattāni honti bhagavantaṃ dassanāya .

Te ca āgantukā bhikkhū nevāsikehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ paṭisammodamānā senāsanāni paññāpayamānā pattacīvarāni paṭisāmayamānā uccāsaddā mahāsaddā ahesuṃ .

Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi –

‘‘ ke panete , ānanda , uccāsaddā mahāsaddā , kevaṭṭā maññe macchavilope ’’ ti ?

‘‘ Etāni , bhante , sāriputtamoggallānappamukhāni pañcamattāni bhikkhusatāni cātumaṃM2.120 anuppattāni bhagavantaṃ dassanāya .

Te āgantukā bhikkhū nevāsikehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ paṭisammodamānā senāsanāni paññāpayamānā pattacīvarāni paṭisāmayamānā uccāsaddā mahāsaddā ’’ ti .

‘‘ Tenahānanda , mama vacanena te bhikkhū āmantehi –

‘ satthā āyasmante āmantetī ’’’ ti .

‘‘ Evaṃ , bhante ’’ ti kho āyasmā ānando bhagavato paṭissutvā yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami ;

upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū etadavoca –

‘‘ satthā āyasmante āmantetī ’’ ti .

‘‘ Evamāvuso ’’ ti kho te bhikkhūP1.457 āyasmato ānandassa paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu ;

upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu .

Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho teT2.194 bhikkhū bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘ kiṃ nu tumhe , bhikkhave , uccāsaddā mahāsaddā , kevaṭṭā maññe macchavilope ’’ ti ?

‘‘ Imāni , bhante , sāriputtamoggallānappamukhāni pañcamattāni bhikkhusatāni cātumaṃ anuppattāni bhagavantaṃ dassanāya .

Teme āgantukā bhikkhū nevāsikehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ paṭisammodamānā senāsanāni paññāpayamānā pattacīvarāni paṭisāmayamānā uccāsaddā mahāsaddā ’’ ti .

‘‘ Gacchatha , bhikkhave , paṇāmemi vo , na vo mama santike vatthabban ’’ ti .

‘‘ Evaṃ , bhante ’’ ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paṭissutvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā senāsanaṃ saṃsāmetvā pattacīvaramādāya pakkamiṃsu .

158. Tena kho pana samayena cātumeyyakā sakyā santhāgāre [ sandhāgāre ( ka .)] sannipatitā honti kenacidevaV2.130 karaṇīyena .

Addasaṃsu kho cātumeyyakā sakyā te bhikkhū dūratova āgacchante ;

disvāna yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkamiṃsu ;

upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū etadavocuṃ –

‘‘ handa , kahaṃ pana tumhe āyasmanto gacchathā ’’ ti ?

‘‘ Bhagavatā kho , āvuso , bhikkhusaṅgho paṇāmito ’’ ti .

‘‘ Tenahāyasmanto muhuttaṃ nisīdatha , appeva nāma mayaṃ sakkuṇeyyāma bhagavantaṃ pasādetun ’’ ti .

‘‘ Evamāvuso ’’ ti kho te bhikkhū cātumeyyakānaṃ sakyānaṃ paccassosuṃ .

Atha kho cātumeyyakā sakyā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu ;

upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃT2.195 abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu .

Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho cātumeyyakā sakyā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ –

‘‘ abhinandatu , bhante , bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ ;

abhivadatu , bhante , bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ .

Seyyathāpi , bhanteM2.121 , bhagavatā pubbe bhikkhusaṅgho anuggahito , evameva bhagavā etarahi anuggaṇhātu bhikkhusaṅghaṃ .

Santettha , bhante , bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ .

Tesaṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya alabhantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ , siyā vipariṇāmo .

Seyyathāpi , bhante , bījānaṃ taruṇānaṃ udakaṃ alabhantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ siyā vipariṇāmo ;

evameva kho , bhante , santettha bhikkhūP1.458 navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ , tesaṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya alabhantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ , siyā vipariṇāmo .

Seyyathāpi , bhante , vacchassa taruṇassa mātaraṃ apassantassa siyā aññathattaṃ , siyā vipariṇāmo ;

evameva kho , bhante , santettha bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ , tesaṃ bhagavantaṃ apassantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ , siyā vipariṇāmo .

Abhinandatu , bhante , bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ ;

abhivadatu , bhante , bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ .

Seyyathāpi , bhante , bhagavatā pubbe bhikkhusaṅgho anuggahito ;

evameva bhagavā etarahi anuggaṇhātu bhikkhusaṅghan ’’ ti .

159. Atha kho brahmā sahampati bhagavato cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ [ sammiñjitaṃ ( sī . syā . kaṃ . pī .)] vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya , pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya , evameva – brahmalokeT2.196 antarahito bhagavato purato pāturahosi .

Atha kho brahmā sahampati ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –

‘‘ abhinandatu , bhante , bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ ;

abhivadatu , bhante , bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ .

Seyyathāpi , bhante , bhagavatā pubbe bhikkhusaṅgho anuggahito ;

evameva bhagavā etarahi anuggaṇhātu bhikkhusaṅghaṃ .

Santettha , bhante , bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ , tesaṃ bhagavantaṃV2.131 dassanāya alabhantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ , siyā vipariṇāmo .

Seyyathāpi , bhante , bījānaṃ taruṇānaṃ udakaṃ alabhantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ , siyā vipariṇāmo ;

evameva kho , bhante , santettha bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ , tesaṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya alabhantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ , siyā vipariṇāmo .

Seyyathāpi bhante , vacchassa taruṇassa mātaraṃ apassantassa siyā aññathattaṃ , siyā vipariṇāmo ;

evameva kho , bhante , santettha bhikkhū navāM2.122 acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ , tesaṃ bhagavantaṃ apassantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ , siyā vipariṇāmo .

Abhinandatu , bhante , bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ ;

abhivadatu , bhante , bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ .

Seyyathāpi , bhante , bhagavatā pubbe bhikkhusaṅghoP1.459 anuggahito ;

evameva bhagavā etarahi anuggaṇhātu bhikkhusaṅghan ’’ ti .

160. Asakkhiṃsu kho cātumeyyakā ca sakyā brahmā ca sahampati bhagavantaṃ pasādetuṃ bījūpamena ca taruṇūpamena ca .

AthaT2.197 kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno bhikkhū āmantesi –

‘‘ uṭṭhethāvuso , gaṇhatha pattacīvaraṃ .

Pasādito bhagavā cātumeyyakehi ca sakyehi brahmunā ca sahampatinā bījūpamena ca taruṇūpamena cā ’’ ti .

‘‘ Evamāvuso ’’ ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato mahāmoggallānassa paṭissutvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pattacīvaramādāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu ;

upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu .

Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘ kinti te , sāriputta , ahosi mayā bhikkhusaṅghe paṇāmite ’’ ti ?

‘‘ Evaṃ kho me , bhante , ahosi –

‘ bhagavatā bhikkhusaṅgho paṇāmito .

Appossukko dāni bhagavā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāraṃ anuyutto viharissati , mayampi dāni appossukkā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāramanuyuttā viharissāmā ’’’ ti .

‘‘ Āgamehi tvaṃ , sāriputta , āgamehi tvaṃ , sāriputta , diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāran ’’ ti .

Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ āmantesi –

‘‘ kinti te , moggallāna , ahosi mayā bhikkhusaṅghe paṇāmite ’’ ti ?

‘‘ Evaṃ kho me , bhante , ahosi –

‘ bhagavatā bhikkhusaṅgho paṇāmito .

Appossukko dāni bhagavā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāraṃ anuyutto viharissati , ahañca dāni āyasmā ca sāriputto bhikkhusaṅghaṃ pariharissāmā ’’’ ti .

‘‘ Sādhu sādhu , moggallāna !

Ahaṃ vā hi , moggallānaT2.198 , bhikkhusaṅghaṃ parihareyyaṃ sāriputtamoggallānā vā ’’ ti .

161. AthaV2.132 kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi –

‘‘ cattārimāni , bhikkhave , bhayāni udakorohante pāṭikaṅkhitabbāni .

Katamāni cattāri ?

Ūmibhayaṃ [ ummībhayaṃ ( syā . kaṃ .)], kumbhīlabhayaṃ , āvaṭṭabhayaṃ , susukābhayaṃ – imāni , bhikkhave , cattāri bhayāni udakorohante pāṭikaṅkhitabbāni .

Evameva kho , bhikkhave , cattārimāni bhayāniM2.123 idhekacce puggale imasmiṃ dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajite pāṭikaṅkhitabbāni .

KatamāniP1.460 cattāri ?

Ūmibhayaṃ , kumbhīlabhayaṃ , āvaṭṭabhayaṃ , susukābhayaṃ .

162.‘‘ Katamañca , bhikkhave , ūmibhayaṃ ?

Idha , bhikkhave , ekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti –

‘ otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto ;

appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā ’ ti .

Tamenaṃ tathā pabbajitaṃ samānaṃ sabrahmacārī ovadanti , anusāsanti –

‘ evaṃ te abhikkamitabbaṃ , evaṃ te paṭikkamitabbaṃ , evaṃ te ālokitabbaṃ , evaṃ te vilokitabbaṃ , evaṃ te samiñjitabbaṃ , evaṃ te pasāritabbaṃ , evaṃ te saṅghāṭipattacīvaraṃ dhāretabban ’ ti .

Tassa evaṃ hoti –

‘ mayaṃ kho pubbe agāriyabhūtā samānā aññe ovadāma , anusāsāma [ ovadāmapi anusāsāmapi ( sī . syā . kaṃ . pī .)].

Ime panamhākaṃ puttamattā maññe , nattamattā maññe , amhe [ evaṃ ( ka .)] ovaditabbaṃT2.199 anusāsitabbaṃ maññantī ’ ti .

So sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati .

Ayaṃ vuccati , bhikkhave , ūmibhayassa bhīto sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvatto .

‘ Ūmibhayan ’ ti kho , bhikkhave , kodhupāyāsassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ .

163.‘‘ Katamañca , bhikkhave , kumbhīlabhayaṃ ?

Idha , bhikkhave , ekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti –

‘ otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto ;

appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā ’ ti .

Tamenaṃ tathā pabbajitaṃ samānaṃ sabrahmacārī ovadanti anusāsanti –

‘ idaṃ te khāditabbaṃ , idaṃ te na khāditabbaṃ ;

idaṃ te bhuñjitabbaṃ , idaṃ te na bhuñjitabbaṃ ;

idaṃ te sāyitabbaṃ , idaṃ te na sāyitabbaṃ ;

idaṃ te pātabbaṃ , idaṃ te na pātabbaṃ ;

kappiyaṃ te khāditabbaṃ , akappiyaṃ te na khāditabbaṃ ;

kappiyaṃ te bhuñjitabbaṃ , akappiyaṃ te na bhuñjitabbaṃ ;

kappiyaṃ te sāyitabbaṃ , akappiyaṃ te na sāyitabbaṃV2.133 ;

kappiyaṃ te pātabbaṃ , akappiyaṃ te na pātabbaṃ ;

kāle te khāditabbaṃ , vikāle te na khāditabbaṃ ;

kāle te bhuñjitabbaṃ , vikāle teM2.124 na bhuñjitabbaṃ ;

kāle te sāyitabbaṃ , vikāle te na sāyitabbaṃ ;

kāle te pātabbaṃ , vikāle te na pātabban ’ ti .

Tassa evaṃP1.461 hoti –

‘ mayaṃ kho pubbe agāriyabhūtā samānā yaṃ icchāma taṃ khādāma , yaṃ na icchāma na taṃ khādāma ;

yaṃ icchāma taṃ bhuñjāma , yaṃT2.200 na icchāma na taṃ bhuñjāma ;

yaṃ icchāma taṃ sāyāma , yaṃ na icchāma na taṃ sāyāma ;

yaṃ icchāma taṃ pivāma [ pipāma ( sī . pī .)], yaṃ na icchāma na taṃ pivāma ;

kappiyampi khādāma , akappiyampi khādāma ;

kappiyampi bhuñjāma , akappiyampi bhuñjāma ;

kappiyampi sāyāma , akappiyampi sāyāma ;

kappiyampi pivāma , akappiyampi pivāma ;

kālepi khādāma , vikālepi khādāma ;

kālepi bhuñjāma vikālepi bhuñjāma ;

kālepi sāyāma , vikālepi sāyāma ;

kālepi pivāma , vikālepi pivāma .

Yampi no saddhā gahapatikā divā vikāle paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ denti tatthapime mukhāvaraṇaṃ maññe karontī ’ ti .

So sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati .

Ayaṃ vuccati , bhikkhave , kumbhīlabhayassa bhīto sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvatto .

‘ Kumbhīlabhayan ’ ti kho , bhikkhave , odarikattassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ .

164.‘‘ Katamañca , bhikkhave , āvaṭṭabhayaṃ ?

Idha , bhikkhave , ekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti –

‘ otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto ;

appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā ’ ti .

So evaṃ pabbajito samāno pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisati .

Arakkhiteneva kāyena arakkhitāyaT2.201 vācāya anupaṭṭhitāya satiyā asaṃvutehi indriyehi so tattha passati gahapatiṃ vā gahapatiputtaṃ vā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitaṃ samaṅgībhūtaṃ paricārayamānaṃ [ paricāriyamānaṃ ( syā . kaṃ . ka .)].

Tassa evaṃ hoti –

‘ mayaṃ kho pubbe agāriyabhūtā samānā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitā samaṅgībhūtā paricārimhā .

Saṃvijjanti kho pana me kule [ saṃvijjanti kho kule ( sī . syā . kaṃ . pī .)] bhogā .

Sakkā bhoge ca bhuñjituṃ puññāni ca kātun ’ ti .

So sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati .

Ayaṃ vuccati , bhikkhave , āvaṭṭabhayassa bhīto sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvatto .

‘ Āvaṭṭabhayan ’ ti kho , bhikkhave , pañcannetaṃ kāmaguṇānaṃ adhivacanaṃ .

165.‘‘ KatamañcaM2.125V2.134 , bhikkhave , susukābhayaṃ ?

Idha , bhikkhave , ekaccoP1.462 kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti –

‘ otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto ;

appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā ’ ti .

So evaṃ pabbajito samāno pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisati .

Arakkhiteneva kāyena arakkhitāya vācāya anupaṭṭhitāya satiyā asaṃvutehi indriyehi so tattha passati mātugāmaṃ dunnivatthaṃ vā duppārutaṃ vā .

Tassa mātugāmaṃ disvā dunnivatthaṃ vā duppārutaṃ vā rāgo cittaṃ anuddhaṃseti .

So rāgānuddhaṃsena [ anuddhastena ( sī . pī .)] cittena sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattatiT2.202 .

Ayaṃ vuccati , bhikkhave , susukābhayassa bhīto sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvatto .

‘ Susukābhayan ’ ti kho , bhikkhave , mātugāmassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ .

Imāni kho , bhikkhave , cattāri bhayāni , idhekacce puggale imasmiṃ dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajite pāṭikaṅkhitabbānī ’’ ti .

Idamavoca bhagavā .

Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti .

Cātumasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ sattamaṃ .

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