3. Visākhāsuttaṃ

43.[ a . ni .3.71] Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati pubbārāme migāramātupāsāde .

Atha kho visākhā migāramātā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami ;

upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi .

Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho visākhaṃ migāramātaraṃ bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘ aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato kho , visākhe , uposatho upavuttho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro .

Kathaṃ upavuttho ca , visākhe , aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato uposathoT4.261 mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro ?

Idha , visākhe , ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati –

‘ yāvajīvaṃ arahanto pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā nihitadaṇḍāV3.86 nihitasatthā lajjī dayāpannā , sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampino viharanti .

Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho lajjī dayāpanno , sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī viharāmi .

Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromiP4.256 , uposathoM3.85 ca me upavuttho bhavissatī ’’’ ti .

Iminā paṭhamena aṅgena samannāgato hoti … pe ….

‘‘‘ Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ pahāya uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭiviratā nīcaseyyaṃ kappenti – mañcake vā tiṇasanthārake vā .

Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ pahāya uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭivirato nīcaseyyaṃ kappemi – mañcake vā tiṇasanthārake vā .

Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi , uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī ’ ti .

Iminā aṭṭhamena aṅgena samannāgato hoti .

Evaṃ upavuttho kho , visākhe , aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato uposatho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro .

‘‘ Kīvamahapphalo hoti , kīvamahānisaṃso , kīvamahājutiko , kīvamahāvipphāro ?

Seyyathāpi , visākhe , yo imesaṃ soḷasannaṃ mahājanapadānaṃ pahūtarattaratanānaṃ issariyādhipaccaṃ rajjaṃ kāreyya , seyyathidaṃ – aṅgānaṃ magadhānaṃ kāsīnaṃ kosalānaṃ vajjīnaṃ mallānaṃ cetīnaṃ vaṅgānaṃ kurūnaṃ pañcālānaṃ macchānaṃ sūrasenānaṃT4.262 assakānaṃ avantīnaṃ gandhārānaṃ kambojānaṃ , aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgatassa uposathassa etaṃ kalaṃ nāgghati soḷasiṃ .

Taṃ kissa hetu ?

Kapaṇaṃ , visākhe , mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya .

‘‘ Yāni , visākhe , mānusakāni paññāsa vassāni , cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo .

Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso .

Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo .

Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni pañca vassasatāni cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ .

Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ , visākhe , vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyyaP4.257 .

Idaṃ kho panetaṃ , visākhe , sandhāya bhāsitaṃ –

‘ kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya ’’’.

‘‘ YaṃV3.87 , visākhe , mānusakaṃ vassasataṃ , tāvatiṃsānaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo .

Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso .

Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo .

Tena saṃvaccharena vassasahassaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ .

Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ , visākhe , vijjatiM3.86 yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tāvatiṃsānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya .

Idaṃ kho panetaṃ , visākhe , sandhāya bhāsitaṃ –

‘ kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya ’’’.

‘‘ Yāni , visākhe , mānusakāni dve vassasatāni … pe … cattāri vassasatāni … pe … aṭṭha vassasatāni … pe … soḷasa vassasatāni paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivoT4.263 .

Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso .

Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo .

Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni soḷasa vassasahassāni paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ .

Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ , visākhe , vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya .

Idaṃ kho panetaṃ , visākhe , sandhāya bhāsitaṃ –

‘ kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāyā ’’’ ti .

‘‘ Pāṇaṃ na haññe na cadinnamādiye ,

Musā na bhāse na ca majjapo siyā ;

Abrahmacariyā virameyya methunā ,

Rattiṃ na bhuñjeyya vikālabhojanaṃ .

‘‘ Mālaṃ na dhāre na ca gandhamācare ,

MañceP4.258 chamāyaṃ va sayetha santhate ;

Etañhi aṭṭhaṅgikamāhuposathaṃ ,

Buddhena dukkhantagunā pakāsitaṃ .

‘‘ Cando ca suriyo ca ubho sudassanā ,

Obhāsayaṃ anupariyanti yāvatā ;

TamonudāV3.88 te pana antalikkhagā ,

Nabhe pabhāsanti disāvirocanā .

‘‘ Etasmiṃ yaṃ vijjati antare dhanaṃ ,

MuttāT4.264 maṇi veḷuriyañca bhaddakaṃ ;

Siṅgīsuvaṇṇaṃ atha vāpi kañcanaṃ ,

Yaṃ jātarūpaṃ haṭakanti vuccati .

‘‘ AṭṭhaṅgupetassaM3.87 uposathassa ,

Kalampi te nānubhavanti soḷasiṃ ;

Candappabhā tāragaṇā ca sabbe .

‘‘ Tasmā hi nārī ca naro ca sīlavā ,

Aṭṭhaṅgupetaṃ upavassuposathaṃ ;

Puññāni katvāna sukhudrayāni ,

Aninditā saggamupenti ṭhānan ’’ ti .

tatiyaṃ ;

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