10. Devadūtasuttavaṇṇanā

261. EvaṃV4.169 me sutan ti devadūtasuttaṃ .

Tattha dve agārātiādi assapurasutte vitthāritameva .

262. Nirayaṃ upapannāti bhagavā katthaci nirayato paṭṭhāya desanaṃ devalokena osāpeti , katthaci devalokato paṭṭhāya nirayena osāpeti .

Sace saggasampattiṃ vitthāretvā kathetukāmo hoti , nirayadukkhaṃ ekadesato katheti , tiracchānayonidukkhaṃ pettivisayadukkhaṃ manussalokasampattiṃ ekadesato katheti , saggasampattimeva vitthāreti .

Sace nirayadukkhaṃ vitthāretvā kathetukāmo hoti , devalokamanussalokesuM4.164 sampattiṃ tiracchānayonipettivisayesu ca dukkhaṃ ekadesato katheti , nirayadukkhameva vitthāreti .

So imasmiṃ sutte nirayadukkhaṃ vitthāretukāmo , tasmā devalokatoP4.231 paṭṭhāya desanaṃ nirayena osāpeti .

Devalokamanussalokasampattiyo tiracchānayonipettivisayadukkhāni ca ekadesato kathetvā nirayadukkhameva vitthārena kathetuṃ tamenaṃ , bhikkhave , nirayapālātiādimāha .

Tattha ekacce therā ‘‘ nirayapālā nāma natthi , yantarūpaṃ viya kammameva kāraṇaṃ kāretī ’’ ti vadanti .

Tesaṃ taṃ ‘‘ atthi niraye nirayapālāti , āmantā , atthi ca kāraṇikā ’’ tiādinā nayena abhidhamme ( kathā .866) paṭisedhitameva .

Yathā hi manussaloke kammakāraṇakārakā atthi , evameva niraye nirayapālā atthīti .

Yamassa raññoti yamarājā nāma vemānikapetarājā , ekasmiṃ kāle dibbavimāne dibbakapparukkhadibbauyyānadibbanāṭakādisampattiṃ anubhavati , ekasmiṃ kāle kammavipākaṃ , dhammiko rājā .

Na cesa ekova hoti , catūsu pana dvāresu cattāro janā honti .

Nāddasan ti attano santike pesitassa kassaci devadūtassa abhāvaṃ sandhāya evaṃ vadati .

Atha naṃ yamo ‘‘ nāyaṃ bhāsitassa atthaṃ sallakkhetī ’’ ti ñatvā sallakkhāpetukāmo ambhotiādimāha .

JātidhammotiV4.170 jātisabhāvo , aparimutto jātiyā , jāti nāma mayhaṃ abbhantareyeva atthīti .

Parato jarādhammotiādīsupi eseva nayo .

263. Paṭhamaṃ devadūtaṃ samanuyuñjitvāti ettha daharakumāro atthato evaṃ vadati nāma ‘‘ passatha , bho , mayhampi tumhākaṃ viya hatthapādā atthi , sake panamhi muttakarīse palipanno , attano dhammatāya uṭṭhahitvā nhāyituṃP4.232 na sakkomi , ahaṃ kiliṭṭhagattomhi , nhāpetha manti vattumpi na sakkomi , jātitomhi aparimuttatāya ediso jāto .

Na kho panāhameva , tumhepi jātito aparimuttāva .

Yatheva hi mayhaṃ , evaṃ tumhākampi jāti āgamissati , iti tassā pure āgamanāva kalyāṇaṃ karothā ’’ ti .

Tenesa devadūto nāma jāto , vacanattho pana maghadevasutte vuttova .

DutiyaṃM4.165 devadūtan ti etthāpi jarājiṇṇasatto atthato evaṃ vadati nāma –

‘‘ passatha , bho , ahampi tumhe viya taruṇo ahosiṃ ūrubalabāhubalajavanasampanno , tassa me tā balajavanasampattiyo antarahitā , vijjamānāpi me hatthapādā hatthapādakiccaṃ na karonti , jarāyamhi aparimuttatāya ediso jāto .

Na kho panāhameva , tumhepi jarāya aparimuttāva .

Yatheva hi mayhaṃ , evaṃ tumhākampi jarā āgamissati , iti tassā pure āgamanāva kalyāṇaṃ karothā ’’ ti .

Tenesa devadūto nāma jāto .

Tatiyaṃ devadūtan ti etthāpi gilānasatto atthato eva vadati nāma –

‘‘ passatha , bho , ahampi tumhe viya nirogo ahosiṃ , somhi etarahi byādhinā abhihato sake muttakarīse palipanno , uṭṭhātumpi na sakkomi , vijjamānāpi me hatthapādā hatthapādakiccaṃ na karonti , byādhitomhi aparimuttatāya ediso jāto .

Na kho panāhameva , tumhepi byādhito aparimuttāva .

Yatheva hi mayhaṃ , evaṃ tumhākaṃ byādhi āgamissati , iti tassa pure āgamanāva kalyāṇaṃ karothā ’’ ti .

Tenesa devadūto nāma jāto .

265. Catutthaṃ devadūtan ti ettha pana kammakāraṇā vāP4.233 devadūtāti kātabbā kammakāraṇikā vā .

Tattha pana kammakāraṇapakkhe bāttiṃsa tāva kammakāraṇā atthato evaṃ vadantiV4.171 nāma –

‘‘ mayaṃ nibbattamānā na rukkhe vā pāsāṇe vā nibbattāma , tumhādisānaṃ sarīre nibbattāma , iti amhākaṃ pure nibbattitova kalyāṇaṃ karothā ’’ ti .

Tenete devadūtā nāma jātā .

Kammakāraṇikāpi atthato evaṃ vadanti nāma –

‘‘ mayaṃ dvattiṃsa kammakāraṇā karontā na rukkhādīsu karoma , tumhādisesu sattesuyeva karoma , iti amhākaṃ tumhesu pure kammakāraṇākaraṇatova kalyāṇaṃ karothā ’’ ti .

Tenetepi devadūtā nāma jātā .

266. Pañcamaṃ devadūtan ti ettha matakasatto atthato evaṃ vadati nāma –

‘‘ passatha bho maṃ āmakasusāne chaḍḍitaṃ uddhumātakādibhāvaṃ pattaṃ , maraṇatomhi aparimuttatāya ediso jāto .

Na kho panāhameva , tumhepiM4.166 maraṇato aparimuttāva .

Yatheva hi mayhaṃ , evaṃ tumhākampi maraṇaṃ āgamissati , iti tassa pure āgamanāva kalyāṇaṃ karothā ’’ ti .

Tenesa devadūto nāma jāto .

Imaṃ pana devadūtānuyogaṃ ko labhati , ko na labhatīti ?

Yena tāva bahuṃ pāpaṃ kataṃ , so gantvā niraye nibbattatiyeva .

Yena pana parittaṃ pāpakammaṃ kataṃ , so labhati .

Yathā hi sabhaṇḍaṃ coraṃ gahetvā kattabbameva karonti , na vinicchinanti .

Anuvijjitvā gahitaṃ pana vinicchayaṭṭhānaṃ nayanti , so vinicchayaṃ labhati .

Evaṃsampadametaṃ .

ParittapāpakammāP4.234 hi attano dhammatāyapi saranti , sāriyamānāpi saranti .

Tattha dīghajayantadamiḷo nāma attano dhammatāya sari .

So kira damiḷo sumanagirivihāre ākāsacetiyaṃ rattapaṭena pūjesi .

Atha niraye ussadasāmante nibbatto aggijālasaddaṃ sutvāva attano pūjitapaṭaṃ anussari , so gantvā sagge nibbatto .

Aparopi puttassa daharabhikkhuno khalisāṭakaṃ dento pādamūle ṭhapesi , maraṇakālamhi paṭapaṭāti sadde nimittaṃ gaṇhi , sopi ussadasāmante nibbatto jālasaddena taṃ sāṭakaṃ anussaritvā sagge nibbatto .

Evaṃ tāva attano dhammatāya kusalaṃ kammaṃ saritvā sagge nibbattatīti .

Attano dhammatāya asarante pana pañca devadūte pucchati .

Tattha koci paṭhamena devadūtena sarati , koci dutiyādīhi .

Yo pana pañcahipi na sarati , taṃ yamo rājā sayaṃ sāreti .

EkoV4.172 kira amacco sumanapupphakumbhena mahācetiyaṃ pūjetvā yamassa pattiṃ adāsi , taṃ akusalakammena niraye nibbattaṃ yamassa santikaṃ nayiṃsu .

Tasmiṃ pañcahipi devadūtehi kusale asarante yamo sayaṃ olokento disvā –

‘‘ nanu tvaṃ mahācetiyaṃ sumanapupphakumbhena pūjetvā mayhaṃ pattiṃ adāsī ’’ ti sāresi , so tasmiṃ kāle saritvā devalokaṃ gato .

Yamo pana sayaṃ oloketvāpi apassanto –

‘‘ mahādukkhaṃ nāma anubhavissati ayaṃ satto ’’ ti tuṇhī hoti .

267. Mahānirayeti avīcimahānirayamhi .

Kiṃ panassa pamāṇaṃ ?

Abbhantaraṃ āyāmena ca vitthārena ca yojanasataṃ hoti .

Lohapathavī lohachadanaṃ ekekā ca bhittiP4.235 navanavayojanikā hoti .

Puratthimāya bhittiyāM4.167 acci uṭṭhitā pacchimaṃ bhittiṃ gahetvā taṃ vinivijjhitvā parato yojanasataṃ gacchati .

Sesadisāsupi eseva nayo .

Iti jālapariyantavasena āyāmavitthārato aṭṭhārasayojanādhikāni tīṇi yojanasatāni , parikkhepato pana navayojanasatāni catupaṇṇāsayojanāni , samantā pana ussadehi saddhiṃ dasayojanasahassaṃ hoti .

268. Ubbhataṃ tādisameva hotīti ettha akkantapadaṃ yāva aṭṭhito daḷhaṃ uddharitumeva na sakkā .

Ayaṃ panettha attho – heṭṭhato paṭṭhāya ḍayhati , uparito paṭṭhāya jhāyati , iti akkamanakāle ḍayhamānaṃ paññāyati , uddharaṇakāle tādisameva , tasmā evaṃ vuttaṃ .

Bahusampattoti bahūni vassasatavassasahassāni sampatto .

Kasmā panesa narako avīcīti saṅkhaṃ gatoti .

Vīci nāma antaraṃ vuccati , tattha ca aggijālānaṃ vā sattānaṃ vā dukkhassa vā antaraṃ natthi .

Tasmā so avīcīti saṅkhaṃ gatoti .

Tassa hi puratthimabhittito jālā uṭṭhitā saṃsibbamānā yojanasataṃ gantvā pacchimabhittiṃ vinivijjhitvā parato yojanasataṃ gacchati .

Sesadisāsupi eseva nayo .

Imesaṃ channaṃ jālānaṃ majjhe nibbatto devadatto , tassa yojanasatappamāṇo attabhāvo , dve pādā yāva gopphakā lohapathaviṃ paviṭṭhā , dve hatthā yāva maṇibandhā lohabhittiyo paviṭṭhā , sīsaṃ yāva bhamukaṭṭhito lohachadane paviṭṭhaṃ , adhobhāgena ekaṃ lohasūlaṃ pavisitvā kāyaṃ vinivijjhantaṃV4.173 chadane paviṭṭhaṃ , pācīnabhittito nikkhantasūlaṃ hadayaṃ vinivijjhitvā pacchimabhittiṃ paviṭṭhaṃP4.236 , uttarabhittito nikkhantasūlaṃ phāsukā vinivijjhitvā dakkhiṇabhittiṃ paviṭṭhaṃ .

Niccale tathāgatamhi aparaddhattā niccalova hutvā paccatīti kammasarikkhatāya ediso jāto .

Evaṃ jālānaṃ nirantaratāya avīci nāma .

Abbhantare panassa yojanasatike ṭhāne nāḷiyaṃ koṭṭetvā pūritapiṭṭhaṃ viya sattā nirantarā ,‘‘ imasmiṃ ṭhāne satto atthi , imasmiṃ natthī ’’ ti na vattabbaṃ , gacchantānaṃ ṭhitānaṃ nisinnānaṃ nipannānaṃ anto natthi , gacchante vā ṭhite vā nisinne vā nipanne vā aññamaññaṃ na bādhanti .

Evaṃ sattānaṃ nirantaratāya avīci .

KāyadvāreM4.168 pana cha upekkhāsahagatāni cittāni uppajjanti , ekaṃ dukkhasahagataṃ .

Evaṃ santepi yathā jivhagge cha madhubindūni ṭhapetvā ekasmiṃ tambalohabindumhi ṭhapite anudahanabalavatāya tadeva paññāyati , itarāni abbohārikāni honti , evaṃ anudahanabalavatāya dukkhamevettha nirantaraṃ , itarāni abbohārikānīti .

Evaṃ dukkhassa nirantaratāya avīci .

269. Mahantoti yojanasatiko .

So tattha patatīti eko pādo mahāniraye hoti , eko gūthaniraye nipatati .

Sūcimukhāti sūcisadisamukhā , te hatthigīvappamāṇā ekadoṇikanāvāppamāṇā vā honti .

Kukkulanirayoti yojanasatappamāṇova anto kūṭāgāramattavitaccitaaṅgārapuṇṇo ādittachārikanirayo , yatthaP4.237 patitapatitā kudrūsakarāsimhi khittaphālavāsisilādīni viya heṭṭhimatalameva gaṇhanti .

Āropentīti ayadaṇḍehi pothentā āropenti .

Tesaṃ ārohanakāle te kaṇṭakā adhomukhā honti , orohanakāle uddhaṃmukhā .

VāteritānītiV4.174 kammamayena vātena calitāni .

Hatthampi chindantīti phalake maṃsaṃ viya koṭṭayamānāni chindanti .

Sace uṭṭhāya palāyati , ayopākāro samuṭṭhahitvā parikkhipati , heṭṭhā khuradhārā samuṭṭhāti .

Khārodakā nadīti vetaraṇī nāma tambalohanadī .

Tattha ayomayāni kharavālika-pokkharapattāni , heṭṭhā khuradhārā ubhosu tīresu vettalatā ca kusatiṇāni ca .

So tattha dukkhā tibbā kharāti so tattha uddhañca adho ca vuyhamāno pokkharapattesu chijjati .

Siṅghāṭakasaṇṭhānāya kharavālikāya kaṇṭakehi vijjhiyati , khuradhārāhi phāliyati , ubhosu tīresu kusatiṇehi vilekhati , vettalatāhi ākaḍḍhiyati , tikkhasattīhi phāliyati .

270. TattenaM4.169 ayosaṅkunāti tena jigacchitomhītiP4.238 vutte mahantaṃ lohapacchiṃ lohaguḷānaṃ pūretvā taṃ upagacchanti , so lohaguḷabhāvaṃ ñatvā dante samphuseti , athassa te tattena ayosaṅkunā mukhaṃ vivaranti , tambalohadhārehi mahantena lohakaṭāhena tambalohaṃ upanetvā evamevaṃ karonti .

Puna mahānirayeti evaṃ pañcavidhabandhanato paṭṭhāya yāva tambalohapānā tambalohapānato paṭṭhāya puna pañcavidhabandhanādīni kāretvā mahāniraye pakkhipanti .

Tattha koci pañcavidhabandhaneneva muccati , koci dutiyena , koci tatiyena , koci tambalohapānena muccati , kamme pana aparikkhīṇe puna mahāniraye pakkhipanti .

Idaṃ pana suttaṃ gaṇhanto eko daharabhikkhu ,–

‘‘ bhante , ettakaṃ dukkhamanubhavitasattaṃ punapi mahāniraye pakkhipantī ’’ ti āha .

Āma , āvuso , kamme aparikkhīṇe punappunaṃ evaṃ karontīti .

Tiṭṭhatu , bhante , uddeso , kammaṭṭhānameva kathethāti kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathāpetvā sotāpanno hutvā āgamma uddesaṃ aggahesi .

Aññesampi imasmiṃ padese uddesaṃ ṭhapetvā arahattaṃ pattānaṃ gaṇanā natthi .

Sabbabuddhānañcetaṃ suttaṃ avijahitameva hoti .

271. Hīnakāyūpagāti hīnakāyaṃ upagatā hutvā .

Upādāneti taṇhādiṭṭhigahaṇe .

Jātimaraṇasambhaveti jātiyā ca maraṇassa ca kāraṇabhūte .

Anupādāti catūhi upādānehi anupādiyitvā .

Jātimaraṇasaṅkhayeti jātimaraṇasaṅkhayasaṅkhāte nibbāne vimuccanti .

DiṭṭhadhammābhinibbutātiV4.175P4.239 diṭṭhadhamme imasmiṃyeva attabhāve sabbakilesanibbānena nibbutā .

Sabbadukkhaṃ upaccagun ti sabbadukkhātikkantā nāma honti .

Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya

Devadūtasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .

Tatiyavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .

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