Ādittapariyāyasuttavaṇṇanā

54. Idāni tassa bhikkhusahassassa ādittapariyāyadesanāya arahattappattiṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘ atha khoV3.190 bhagavā ’’ tiādi āraddhaṃ .

Tattha gayāyaṃ viharati gayāsīseti gayānāmikāya nadiyā avidūre bhavattā gāmo gayā nāma , tassaṃ gayāyaṃ viharati .

Samīpatthe cetaṃ bhummavacanaṃ .

Gayāgāmassa hi avidūre gayāti ekā pokkharaṇīpi atthi nadīpi gayāsīsanāmako hatthikumbhasadiso piṭṭhipāsāṇopi .

Yattha bhikkhusahassassa okāso pahoti , bhagavā tattha viharati .

Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘ gayāsīse ’’ ti , gayāgāmassa āsanne gayāsīsanāmake piṭṭhipāsāṇe viharatīti vuttaṃ hoti .

Bhikkhū āmantesīti tesaṃ sappāyadhammadesanaṃ vicinitvā taṃ desessāmīti āmantesi .

Bhagavā hi taṃ iddhimayapattacīvaradharaṃ samaṇasahassaṃ ādāya gayāsīsaṃ gantvā tena parivārito nisīditvā ‘‘ katarā nu kho etesaṃ dhammakathā sappāyā ’’ ti cintento ‘‘ ime sāyaṃ pātaṃ aggiṃ paricaranti , imesaṃ dvādasāyatanāni ādittāni sampajjalitāni viya katvā dassessāmi , evaṃ ime arahattaṃ pāpuṇituṃ sakkhissantī ’’ ti sanniṭṭhānamakāsi .

Atha nesaṃ tathā desetuṃ ‘‘ sabbaṃ , bhikkhave , ādittan ’’ tiādinā imaṃ ādittapariyāyaṃ abhāsi .

Tattha ( saṃ . ni . aṭṭha .3.4.23) sabbaṃ nāma catubbidhaṃ sabbasabbaṃ āyatanasabbaṃ sakkāyasabbaṃ padesasabbanti .

Tattha –

‘‘ NaM3.209 tassa addiṭṭhamidhatthi kiñci ;

Atho aviññātamajānitabbaṃ ;

Sabbaṃ abhiññāsi yadatthi neyyaṃ ;

Tathāgato tena samantacakkhū ’’ ti ( mahāni .156; cūḷani . dhotakamāṇavapucchāniddesa 32; paṭi . ma .1.121)–

Idaṃ sabbasabbaṃ nāma .

‘‘ Sabbaṃ vo , bhikkhave , desessāmi , taṃ suṇāthā ’’ ti ( saṃ . ni .4.23) idaṃ āyatanasabbaṃ nāma .

‘‘ Sabbadhammamūlapariyāyaṃ vo , bhikkhave , desessāmī ’’ ti ( ma . ni .1.1) idaṃ sakkāyasabbaṃ nāma .

‘‘ Sabbadhammesu vā paṭhamasamannāhāro uppajjati cittaṃ mano mānasaṃ tajjā manoviññāṇadhātū ’’ ti idaṃ padesasabbaṃ nāma .

Iti pañcārammaṇamattaṃ padesasabbaṃ , tebhūmakā dhammā sakkāyasabbaṃ , catubhūmakā dhammā āyatanasabbaṃ , yaṃ kiñci neyyaṃ sabbasabbaṃ .

Padesasabbaṃ sakkāyasabbaṃ na pāpuṇāti tassa tebhūmakadhammesupi ekadesassa asaṅgaṇhanato .

Sakkāyasabbaṃ āyatanasabbaṃ na pāpuṇāti lokuttaradhammānaṃ asaṅgaṇhanato .

Āyatanasabbaṃ sabbasabbaṃ na pāpuṇāti .

Kasmā ?

Yasmā āyatanasabbena catubhūmakadhammāva pariggahitāV3.191 , na lakkhaṇapaññattiyoti .

Imasmiṃ pana sutte āyatanasabbaṃ adhippetaṃ , tatthāpi idha vipassanupagadhammāva gahetabbā .

Cakkhūti ( dha . sa . aṭṭha .596; saṃ . ni . aṭṭha .3.4.1) dve cakkhūni ñāṇacakkhu ceva maṃsacakkhu ca .

Tattha ñāṇacakkhu pañcavidhaṃ buddhacakkhu dhammacakkhu samantacakkhu dibbacakkhu paññācakkhūti .

Tesu buddhacakkhu nāma āsayānusayañāṇañceva indriyaparopariyattañāṇañca , yaṃ ‘‘ buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokento ’’ ti ( dī . ni .2.69; ma . ni .1.283) āgataṃ .

Dhammacakkhu nāma heṭṭhimā tayo maggā tīṇi ca phalāni , yaṃ ‘‘ virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ udapādī ’’ ti ( dī . ni .1.355; saṃ . ni .5.1081) āgataṃ .

Samantacakkhu nāma sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ , yaṃ ‘‘ pāsādamāruyha samantacakkhū ’’ ti ( dī . ni .2.70; ma . ni .1.282) āgataṃ .

Dibbacakkhu nāma ālokavaḍḍhanena uppannañāṇaṃ , yaṃ ‘‘ dibbena cakkhunā visuddhenā ’’ ti ( ma . ni .1.148,284) āgataṃ .

Paññācakkhu nāma catusaccaparicchedakañāṇaṃ , yaṃ ‘‘ cakkhuṃ udapādī ’’ ti ( saṃ . ni .5.1081; mahāva .15) āgataṃ .

Maṃsacakkhupi duvidhaṃ sasambhāracakkhu pasādacakkhūti .

Tesu yvāyaṃ akkhikūpake akkhipaṭalehi parivārito maṃsapiṇḍo , yattha catasso dhātuyo vaṇṇagandharasojā sambhavo jīvitaṃM3.210 bhāvo cakkhuppasādo kāyappasādoti saṅkhepato terasa sambhārā honti , vitthārato pana catasso dhātuyo vaṇṇagandharasojā sambhavoti ime nava catusamuṭṭhānavasena chattiṃsa , jīvitaṃ bhāvo cakkhuppasādo kāyappasādoti ime kammasamuṭṭhānā tāva cattāroti cattālīsa sambhārā honti , idaṃ sasambhāracakkhu nāma .

Yaṃ panettha setamaṇḍalaparicchinnena kaṇhamaṇḍalena parivārite diṭṭhimaṇḍale sanniviṭṭhaṃ rūpadassanasamatthaṃ pasādamattaṃ , idaṃ pasādacakkhu nāma .

Tassa tato paresañca sotādīnaṃ vitthārakathā visuddhimagge ( visuddhi .2.436) vuttāva .

Tattha yadidaṃ pasādacakkhu , tañca gahetvā bhagavā ‘‘ cakkhu ādittan ’’ tiādimāha .

Tattha ādittan ti padittaṃ , sampajjalitaṃ ekādasahi aggīhi ekajālībhūtanti attho .

Cakkhusannissitaṃ viññāṇaṃ cakkhuviññāṇaṃ , cakkhussa vā kāraṇabhūtassa viññāṇaṃ cakkhuviññāṇaṃ .

Kāmaṃ rūpālokamanasikārādayopi tassa viññāṇassa kāraṇaṃ , te pana sādhāraṇakāraṇaṃ , cakkhu asādhāraṇanti asādhāraṇakāraṇenāyaṃ niddeso yathā ‘‘ yavaṅkuro ’’ ti .

Sotaviññāṇā dīsupi eseva nayo .

Cakkhusannissito phasso cakkhusamphasso , cakkhuviññāṇasampayuttaphassassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ .

Sotasamphassā dīsupi eseva nayo .

Cakkhusamphassapaccayā uppajjatiV3.192 vedayitan ti cakkhusamphassaṃ mūlapaccayaṃ katvā uppannā sampaṭicchanasantīraṇavoṭṭhabbanajavanavedanā .

Cakkhuviññāṇasampayuttāya pana vedanāya cakkhusamphassassa paccayabhāve vattabbameva natthi .

Cakkhusamphasso hi sahajātāya vedanāya sahajātādivasena , asahajātāya upanissayādivasena paccayo hoti .

Teneva ‘‘ cakkhusamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

Sotadvāravedanā dīsupi eseva nayo .

Ettha pana manoti bhavaṅgacittaṃ manodvārassa adhippetattā .

Dhammāti dhammārammaṇaṃ .

Manoviññāṇan ti sahāvajjanakaṃ javanaṃ .

Manosamphassoti bhavaṅgasahajāto phasso .

Vedayitan ti āvajjanavedanāya saddhiṃ javanavedanā .

Bhavaṅgasampayuttāya pana vedanāya gahaṇe vattabbameva natthi .

Āvajjanaṃ vā bhavaṅgato amocetvā manoti sāvajjanaṃ bhavaṅgaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ .

Dhammāti dhammārammaṇameva .

Manoviññāṇan ti javanaviññāṇaṃ .

ManosamphassotiM3.211 bhavaṅgāvajjanasahajāto phasso .

Vedayitan ti javanasahajātā vedanā , bhavaṅgāvajjanasahajātāpi vaṭṭatiyeva .

Rāgagginātiādīsu rāgova anudahanaṭṭhena aggīti rāgaggi .

Rāgo hi tikhiṇaṃ hutvā uppajjamāno satte anudahati jhāpeti , tasmā ‘‘ aggī ’’ ti vuccati .

Itaresupi dvīsu eseva nayo .

Tatrimāni vatthūni ( dī . ni . aṭṭha .3.305; vibha . aṭṭha .924)– ekā daharabhikkhunī cittalapabbatavihāre uposathāgāraṃ gantvā dvārapālarūpaṃ olokayamānā ṭhitā .

Athassā anto rāgo tikhiṇataro hutvā uppanno , tasmā taṃsamuṭṭhānā tejodhātu ativiya tikhiṇabhāvena saddhiṃ attanā sahajātadhammehi hadayapadesaṃ jhāpesi yathā taṃ bāhirā tejodhātu sannissayaṃ , tena sā bhikkhunī jhāyitvā kālamakāsi .

Bhikkhuniyo gacchamānā ‘‘ ayaṃ daharā ṭhitā , pakkosatha nan ’’ ti āhaṃsu .

Ekā gantvā ‘‘ kasmā ṭhitāsī ’’ ti hatthe gaṇhi .

Gahitamattā parivattitvā papatā .

Idaṃ tāva rāgassa anudahanatāya vatthu .

Dosassa pana anudahanatāya manopadosikā devā daṭṭhabbā .

Tesu ( dī . ni . aṭṭha .1.47-48) kira eko devaputto ‘‘ nakkhattaṃ kīḷissāmī ’’ ti saparivāro rathena vīthiṃ paṭipajjati .

Athañño nikkhamanto taṃ purato gacchantaṃ disvā ‘‘ bho ayaṃ kapaṇo adiṭṭhapubbaṃ viya etaṃ disvā pītiyā uddhumāto viya bhijjamāno viya ca gacchatī ’’ ti kujjhati .

Purato gacchantopi nivattitvā taṃ kuddhaṃ disvā kuddhā nāma suvijānā hontīti kuddhabhāvamassa ñatvā ‘‘ tvaṃ kuddho mayhaṃ kiṃ karissasi , ayaṃ sampatti mayā dānasīlādīnaṃ vasena laddhā , na tuyhaṃ vasenā ’’ ti paṭikujjhati .

Ekasmiñhi kuddhe itaro akuddho rakkhati .

Kuddhassa hi so kodho itarasmiṃ akujjhante anupādāno ekavārameva uppattiyā anāsevanoV3.193 cāvetuṃ na sakkoti , udakaṃ patvā aggi viya nibbāyati , tasmā akuddho taṃ cavanato rakkhati .

Ubhosu pana kuddhesu ekassa kodho itarassa paccayo hoti , tassapi kodho itarassa paccayo hotīti ubho kandantānaṃyeva orodhānaṃ cavanti .

Ubhosu hi kuddhesu bhiyyo bhiyyo aññamaññamhi parivaḍḍhanavasena tikhiṇasamudācāro nissayadahanarasoM3.212 kodho uppajjamāno hadayavatthuṃ niddahanto accantasukhumālaṃ karajakāyaṃ vināseti , tato sakalopi attabhāvo antaradhāyati .

Idaṃ dosassa anudahanatāya vatthu .

Mohassa pana anudahanatāya khiḍḍāpadosikā devā daṭṭhabbā .

Mohavasena hi tesaṃ satisammoso hoti , tasmā khiḍḍāvasena āhārakālaṃ ativattetvā kālaṃ karonti .

Te ( dī . ni . aṭṭha .1.45-46) kira puññavisesādhigatena mahantena attano sirivibhavena nakkhattaṃ kīḷantā tāya sampattimahantatāya ‘‘ āhāraṃ paribhuñjimha , na paribhuñjimhā ’’ tipi na jānanti .

Atha ekāhārātikkamanato paṭṭhāya nirantaraṃ khādantāpi pivantāpi cavantiyeva na tiṭṭhanti .

Kasmā ?

Kammajatejassa balavatāya .

Manussānañhi kammajatejo mando , karajakāyo balavā .

Tesaṃ tejassa mandatāya karajakāyassa balavatāya sattāhampi atikkamitvā uṇhodakaacchayāguādīhi sakkā vatthuṃ upatthambhetuṃ .

Devānaṃ pana tejo balavā hoti uḷārapuññanibbattattā uḷāragarusiniddhasudhāhārajiraṇato ca , karajaṃ mandaṃ mudusukhumālabhāvato .

Teneva hi bhagavā indasālaguhāyaṃ pakatipathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhātuṃ asakkontaṃ sakkaṃ devarājānaṃ ‘‘ oḷārikakāyaṃ adhiṭṭhāhī ’’ ti āha , tasmā te ekaṃ āhāravelaṃ atikkamitvā saṇṭhātuṃ na sakkonti .

Yathā nāma gimhānaṃ majjhanhike tattapāsāṇe ṭhapitaṃ padumaṃ vā uppalaṃ vā sāyanhasamaye ghaṭasatenapi siñciyamānaṃ pākatikaṃ na hoti vinassatiyeva , evameva pacchā nirantaraṃ khādantāpi pivantāpi cavantiyeva na tiṭṭhanti .

Ko pana tesaṃ āhāro , kā āhāravelāti ?

Sabbesampi kāmāvacaradevānaṃ sudhā āhāro , so heṭṭhimehi heṭṭhimehi uparimānaṃ uparimānaṃ paṇītatamo hoti .

Taṃ yathāsakaṃ divasavasena divase divase bhuñjanti .

Keci pana ‘‘ biḷārapadappamāṇaṃ sudhāhāraṃ bhuñjanti .

So jivhāya ṭhapitamatto yāva kesagganakhaggā kāyaṃ pharati , tesaṃyeva divasavasena sattadivasaṃ yāpanasamatthova hotī ’’ ti vadanti .

Ke pana te khiḍḍāpadosikā nāma devāti ?

Ime nāmāti aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vicāraṇā natthi ,‘‘ kammajatejo balavā hoti , karajaṃ mandan ’’ ti avisesenaM3.213 vuttattā pana ye keci kabaḷīkārāhārūpajīvinoV3.194 evaṃ karonti , te evaṃ cavantīti veditabbā .

Keci panāhu ‘‘ nimmānaratiparanimmitavasavattino te devā .

Khiḍḍāya padussanamatteneva hete khiḍḍāpadosikāti vuttā ’’ ti .

Manopadosikā pana cātumahārājikāti aṭṭhakathāyameva vuttaṃ .

Keci pana ‘‘ khiḍḍāpadosikāpi cātumahārājikāyevā ’’ ti vadanti .

Evaṃ tāva rāgādayo tayo anudahanaṭṭhena ‘‘ aggī ’’ ti veditabbā .

Jātiādittayaṃ pana nānappakāradukkhavatthubhāvena anudahanato aggi .

Sokādīnaṃ anudahanatā pākaṭāyeva .

Sesamettha vuttanayameva .

Iti imasmiṃ sutte dukkhalakkhaṇaṃ kathitaṃ cakkhādīnaṃ ekādasahi aggīhi ādittabhāvena dukkhamatāya dukkhabhāvassa kathitattā .

Ādittapariyāyasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .

Uruvelapāṭihāriyakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .

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