13. Ekapuggalavaggavaṇṇanā

170. EkapuggalavaggassaV1.78 paṭhame ekapuggaloti eko puggalo .

Ettha ekoti dutiyādipaṭikkhepattho gaṇanaparicchedo .

Puggaloti sammutikathā , na paramatthakathā .

Buddhassa hi bhagavato duvidhā desanā – sammutidesanā , paramatthadesanā cāti .

Tattha ‘‘ puggalo satto itthī puriso khattiyo brāhmaṇo devo māro ’’ tiP1.95 evarūpā sammutidesanā ,‘‘ aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattā khandhā dhātū āyatanāni satipaṭṭhānā ’’ ti evarūpā paramatthadesanā .

Tattha bhagavā ye sammutivasena desanaṃ sutvā atthaṃ paṭivijjhitvā mohaṃ pahāya visesaṃ adhigantuṃ samatthā , tesaṃ sammutidesanaṃ deseti .

Ye pana paramatthavasena desanaṃ sutvā atthaṃ paṭivijjhitvā mohaṃ pahāya visesamadhigantuṃ samatthā , tesaṃ paramatthadesanaṃ deseti .

Tatrāyaṃ upamā – yathā hi desabhāsākusalo tiṇṇaṃ vedānaṃ atthasaṃvaṇṇanako ācariyo ye damiḷabhāsāya vutte atthaṃ jānanti , tesaṃ damiḷabhāsāya ācikkhati .

Ye andhabhāsādīsu aññatarāya bhāsāyaM1.74 , tesaṃ tāya tāya bhāsāya .

Evaṃ te māṇavakā chekaṃ byattaṃ ācariyamāgamma khippameva sippaṃ uggaṇhanti .

Tattha ācariyo viya buddho bhagavā , tayo vedā viya kathetabbabhāve ṭhitāni tīṇi piṭakāni , desabhāsākosallamiva sammutiparamatthakosallaṃ , nānādesabhāsā māṇavakā viya sammutiparamatthavasena paṭivijjhanasamatthā veneyyasattā , ācariyassa damiḷabhāsādiācikkhanaṃ viya bhagavato sammutiparamatthavasena desanā veditabbā .

Āha cettha –

‘‘ Duve saccāni akkhāsi , sambuddho vadataṃ varo ;

Sammutiṃ paramatthañca , tatiyaṃ nupalabbhati .

‘‘ Saṅketavacanaṃ saccaṃ , lokasammutikāraṇā ;

Paramatthavacanaṃ saccaṃ , dhammānaṃ bhūtakāraṇā .

‘‘ TasmāV1.79 vohārakusalassa , lokanāthassa satthuno ;

Sammutiṃ voharantassa , musāvādo na jāyatī ’’ ti .

Apica aṭṭhahi kāraṇehi bhagavā puggalakathaṃ katheti – hirottappadīpanatthaṃ , kammassakatādīpanatthaṃ , paccattapurisakāradīpanatthaṃ , ānantariyadīpanatthaṃ , brahmavihāradīpanatthaṃ , pubbenivāsadīpanatthaṃ , dakkhiṇāvisuddhidīpanatthaṃ , lokasammutiyā appahānatthañcāti .

‘‘ KhandhadhātuāyatanāniP1.96 hiriyanti ottappantī ’’ ti hi vutte mahājano na jānāti , sammohamāpajjati , paṭisattu hoti ‘‘ kimidaṃ khandhadhātuāyatanāni hiriyanti ottappanti nāmā ’’ ti ?

‘‘ Itthī hiriyati ottappati , puriso khattiyo brāhmaṇo devo māro ’’ ti vutte pana jānāti , na sammohamāpajjati , na paṭisattu hoti .

Tasmā bhagavā hirottappadīpanatthaṃ puggalakathaṃ katheti .

‘‘ Khandhā kammassakā , dhātuyo āyatanānī ’’ ti vuttepi eseva nayo .

Tasmā bhagavā kammassakatādīpanatthaṃ puggalakathaṃ katheti .

‘‘ Veḷuvanādayo mahāvihārā khandhehi kārāpitā , dhātūhi āyatanehī ’’ ti vuttepi eseva nayo .

Tasmā bhagavā paccattapurisakāradīpanatthaṃ puggalakathaṃ katheti .

‘‘ KhandhāM1.75 mātaraṃ jīvitā voropenti , pitaraṃ , arahantaṃ , ruhiruppādakammaṃ , saṅghabhedakammaṃ karonti , dhātuyo āyatanānī ’’ ti vuttepi eseva nayo .

Tasmā bhagavā ānantariyadīpanatthaṃ puggalakathaṃ katheti .

‘‘ Khandhā mettāyanti , dhātuyo āyatanānī ’’ ti vuttepi eseva nayo .

Tasmā bhagavā brahmavihāradīpanatthaṃ puggalakathaṃ katheti .

‘‘ Khandhā pubbenivāsamanussaranti , dhātuyo āyatanānī ’’ ti vuttepi eseva nayo .

Tasmā bhagavā pubbenivāsadīpanatthaṃ puggalakathaṃ katheti .

‘‘ KhandhāV1.80 dānaṃ paṭiggaṇhanti , dhātuyo āyatanānī ’’ ti vuttepi mahājano na jānāti , sammohaṃ āpajjati , paṭisattu hoti ‘‘ kimidaṃ khandhadhātuāyatanāni paṭiggaṇhanti nāmā ’’ ti ?

‘‘ Puggalā paṭiggaṇhanti sīlavanto kalyāṇadhammo ’’ ti vutte pana jānāti , na sammohaṃ āpajjati , na paṭisattu hoti .

Tasmā bhagavā dakkhiṇāvisuddhidīpanatthaṃ puggalakathaṃ katheti .

LokasammutiñcaP1.97 buddhā bhagavanto nappajahanti , lokasamaññāya lokaniruttiyā lokābhilāpe ṭhitāyeva dhammaṃ desenti .

Tasmā bhagavā lokasammutiyā appahānatthampi puggalakathaṃ katheti .

Iti eko ca so puggalo cāti ekapuggalo .

Kenaṭṭhena ekapuggalo ?

Asadisaṭṭhena guṇavisiṭṭhaṭṭhena asamasamaṭṭhenāti .

So hi dasannaṃ pāramīnaṃ paṭipāṭiyā āvajjanaṃ ādiṃ katvā bodhisambhāraguṇehi ceva buddhaguṇehi ca sesamahājanena asadisoti asadisaṭṭhenapi ekapuggalo .

Ye cassa te guṇā , te sesasattānaṃ guṇehi visiṭṭhāti guṇavisiṭṭhaṭṭhenapi ekapuggalo .

Purimakā sammāsambuddhā sabbasattehi asamā , tehi saddhiṃ ayameva eko rūpakāyaguṇehi ceva nāmakāyaguṇehi ca samoti asamasamaṭṭhenapi ekapuggalo .

Loketi tayo lokā – sattaloko , okāsaloko , saṅkhāralokoti .

Tesaṃ vitthārakathā visuddhimagge ( visuddhi .1.135-136) vuttā .

Tesu idha sattaloko adhippeto .

Sattaloke uppajjamānopi cesa na devaloke , na brahmaloke , manussalokeyeva uppajjati .

ManussalokepiM1.76 na aññasmiṃ cakkavāḷe , imasmiṃyeva cakkavāḷe uppajjati .

Tatrāpi na sabbaṭṭhānesu .

‘‘ Puratthimāya disāya gajaṅgalaṃ nāma nigamo , tassa parena mahāsālā , tato parā paccantimā janapadā , orato majjhe .

Puratthimadakkhiṇāya disāya sallavatī nāma nadī , tato parā paccantimā janapadā , orato majjhe .

Dakkhiṇāya disāya setakaṇṇikaṃ nāma nigamo , tato parā paccantimā janapadā , orato majjhe .

PacchimāyaP1.98 disāya thūṇaṃ nāma brāhmaṇagāmo , tato parā paccantimā janapadā , orato majjhe .

Uttarāya disāya usīraddhajo nāma pabbato , tato parā paccantimā janapadā , orato majjhe ’’ ti ( mahāva .259) evaṃ paricchinne āyāmato tiyojanasate vitthārato aḍḍhateyyayojanasate parikkhepato navayojanasate majjhimadeseV1.81 uppajjati .

Na kevalañca tathāgatova , paccekabuddhā aggasāvakā asīti mahātherā buddhamātā buddhapitā cakkavattī rājā aññe ca sārappattā brāhmaṇagahapatikā ettheva uppajjanti .

Uppajjamāno uppajjatīti idaṃ pana ubhayampi vippakatavacanameva .

Uppajjamāno bahujanahitāya uppajjati , na aññena kāraṇenāti evaṃ panettha attho veditabbo .

Evarūpañcettha lakkhaṇaṃ na sakkā etaṃ aññena saddalakkhaṇena paṭibāhituṃ .

Apica uppajjamāno nāma , uppajjati nāma , uppanno nāmāti ayamettha bhedo veditabbo .

Esa hi dīpaṅkarapādamūlato paṭṭhāya laddhabyākaraṇo buddhakārake dhamme pariyesanto dasa pāramiyo disvā ‘‘ ime dhammā mayā pūretabbā ’’ ti katasanniṭṭhāno dānapāramiṃ pūrentopi uppajjamāno nāma .

Sīlapāramī … pe … upekkhāpāramīti imā dasa pāramiyo pūrentopi , dasa upapāramiyo pūrentopi uppajjamāno nāma .

Dasa paramatthapāramiyo pūrentopi uppajjamānova nāma .

Pañca mahāpariccāge pariccajantopi uppajjamāno nāma .

Attatthacariyaṃ ñātatthacariyaṃ lokatthacariyaṃ pūrayamānopi uppajjamāno nāma .

Kappasatasahassādhikāni cattāri asaṅkhyeyyāni buddhakārake dhamme matthakaṃ pāpentopi uppajjamāno nāma .

Vessantarattabhāvaṃ pahāyaM1.77 tusitapure paṭisandhiṃP1.99 gahetvā saṭṭhivassasatasahassādhikā sattapaṇṇāsavassakoṭiyo tiṭṭhantopi uppajjamāno nāma .

Devatāhi yācito pañcamahāvilokitaṃ viloketvā mahāmāyādeviyā kucchimhi paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhantopi , anūnādhike dasa māse gabbhavāsaṃ vasantopi uppajjamāno nāma .

Ekūnatiṃsa vassāni agāramajjhe tiṭṭhantopi uppajjamāno nāma .

Kāmesu ādīnavaṃ nekkhamme ca ānisaṃsaṃ disvā rāhulabhaddassa jātadivase channasahāyo kaṇḍakaṃ vāhanavaraṃ āruyha nikkhamantopi uppajjamānova nāma .

Tīṇi rajjāni atikkamantopi anomānadītīre pabbajantopi uppajjamāno nāma .

Chabbassāni mahāpadhānaṃ karontopi uppajjamāno nāma .

Paripakkagate ñāṇe oḷārikāhāraṃ āharantopi uppajjamānova nāma .

Sāyanhasamaye visākhapuṇṇamāya mahābodhimaṇḍaṃ āruyha mārabalaṃ vidhametvā paṭhamayāme pubbenivāsaṃ anussaritvā majjhimayāme dibbacakkhuṃ parisodhetvā pacchimayāmasamanantare dvādasaṅgaṃ paṭiccasamuppādaṃ anulomapaṭilomato sammasitvā sotāpattimaggaṃ paṭivijjhantopi uppajjamānova nāma .

Sotāpattiphalakkhaṇepi sakadāgāmimaggakkhaṇepi sakadāgāmiphalakkhaṇepi anāgāmimaggakkhaṇepiV1.82 anāgāmiphalakkhaṇepi uppajjamānova nāma .

Arahattamaggakkhaṇe pana uppajjati nāma .

Arahattaphalakkhaṇe uppanno nāma .

Buddhānaṃ hi sāvakānaṃ viya na paṭipāṭiyā iddhividhañāṇādīni uppajjanti , saheva pana arahattamaggena sakalopi sabbaññutaññāṇādi guṇarāsi āgatova nāma hoti .

Tasmā te nipphattasabbakiccattā arahattaphalakkhaṇe uppannā nāma honti .

Imasmimpi sutte arahattaphalakkhaṇaṃyeva sandhāya ‘‘ uppajjatī ’’ ti veditabbo , uppanno hotīti ayañhettha attho .

BahujanahitāyātiP1.100 mahājanassa hitatthāya uppajjati .

Bahujanasukhāyāti mahājanassa sukhatthāya uppajjati .

Lokānukampāyāti sattalokassa anukampaṃ paṭicca uppajjati .

Katarasattalokassāti ?

Yo tathāgatassa dhammadesanaṃ sutvā amatapānaṃ pivitvā dhammaṃ paṭivijjhi , tassa .

Bhagavatā hi mahābodhimaṇḍe sattasattāhaṃ vītināmetvā bodhimaṇḍā isipatanaṃ āgamma ‘‘ dveme , bhikkhave , antā pabbajitena na sevitabbā ’’ tiM1.78 dhammacakkappavattanasutte ( mahāva .13; saṃ . ni .5.1081) desite āyasmatā aññāsikoṇḍaññattherena saddhiṃ aṭṭhārasakoṭisaṅkhā brahmāno amatapānaṃ piviṃsu , etassa sattalokassa anukampāya uppanno .

Pañcamadivase anattalakkhaṇasuttantapariyosāne ( mahāva .20; saṃ . ni .3.59) pañcavaggiyā therā arahatte patiṭṭhahiṃsu , etassapi sattalokassa anukampāya uppanno .

Tato yasadārakappamukhe pañcapaṇṇāsa purise arahatte patiṭṭhāpesi , tato kappāsikavanasaṇḍe tiṃsa bhaddavaggiye tayo magge ca tīṇi phalāni ca sampāpesi , etassapi sattalokassa anukampāya uppanno .

Gayāsīse ādittapariyāyasuttapariyosāne ( mahāva .54) jaṭilasahassaṃ arahatte patiṭṭhāpesi , tālaṭṭhivane bimbisārappamukhā ekādasa nahutā brāhmaṇagahapatikā satthu dhammadesanaṃ sutvā sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahiṃsu , ekaṃ nahutaṃ saraṇesu patiṭṭhitaṃ .

Tirokuṭṭaanumodanāvasāne caturāsītiyā pāṇasahassehi amatapānaṃ pītaṃ .

Sumanamālākārasamāgame caturāsītiyā ca .

Dhanapālakasamāgame dasahi pāṇasahassehi , khadiraṅgārajātakasamāgame caturāsītiyā pāṇasahassehi , jambukaājīvakasamāgame caturāsītiyā ca .

ĀnandaseṭṭhisamāgameP1.101 caturāsītiyā ca pāṇasahassehi amatapānaṃ pītaṃ .

Pāsāṇakacetiye pārāyanasuttantakathādivase cuddasa koṭiyo amatapānaṃ piviṃsu .

Yamakapāṭihāriyadivase vīsati pāṇakoṭiyo , tāvatiṃsabhavane paṇḍukambalasilāya nisīditvā mātaraṃ kāyasakkhiṃ katvā sattappakaraṇaṃ abhidhammaṃ desentassa asīti pāṇakoṭiyo , devorohane tiṃsa pāṇakoṭiyo , sakkapañhasuttante asītiV1.83 devatāsahassāni amatapānaṃ piviṃsu .

Mahāsamayasuttante maṅgalasuttante cūḷarāhulovāde samacittapaṭipadāyāti imesu catūsu ṭhānesu abhisamayaṃ pattasattānaṃ paricchedo natthi .

Etassapi sattalokassa anukampāya uppannoti .

Yāvajjadivasā ito paraṃ anāgate ca sāsanaṃ nissāya saggamokkhamagge patiṭṭhahantānaṃ vasenāpi ayamattho veditabbo .

Devamanussānan ti na kevalaṃ devamanussānaṃyeva , avasesānaṃ nāgasupaṇṇādīnampi atthāya hitāya sukhāyeva uppanno .

Sahetukapaṭisandhike panaM1.79 maggaphalasacchikiriyāya bhabbe puggale dassetuṃ etaṃ vuttaṃ .

Tasmā etesampi atthāya hitāya sukhāyeva uppannoti veditabbo .

Katamo ekapuggaloti ayaṃ pucchā .

Pucchā ca nāmesā pañcavidhā hoti – adiṭṭhajotanā pucchā , diṭṭhasaṃsandanā pucchā , vimaticchedanā pucchā , anumatipucchā , kathetukamyatāpucchāti .

Tāsaṃ idaṃ nānattaṃ – katamā adiṭṭhajotanā pucchā ?

Pakatiyā lakkhaṇaṃ aññātaṃ hoti adiṭṭhaṃ atulitaṃ atīritaṃ avibhūtaṃ abhāvitaṃ .

Tassa ñāṇāya dassanāya tulanāyaP1.102 tīraṇāya vibhūtatthāya vibhāvanatthāya pañhaṃ pucchati , ayaṃ adiṭṭhajotanā pucchā .

Katamā diṭṭhasaṃsandanā pucchā ?

Pakatiyā lakkhaṇaṃ ñātaṃ hoti diṭṭhaṃ tulitaṃ tīritaṃ vibhūtaṃ vibhāvitaṃ .

So aññehi paṇḍitehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanatthāya pañhaṃ pucchati , ayaṃ diṭṭhasaṃsandanā pucchā .

Katamā vimaticchedanā pucchā ?

Pakatiyā saṃsayapakkhanto hoti vimatipakkhanto dveḷhakajāto ‘‘ evaṃ nu kho , na nu kho , kiṃ nu kho , kathaṃ nu kho ’’ ti .

So vimaticchedanatthāya pañhaṃ pucchati , ayaṃ vimaticchedanā pucchā .

Katamā anumatipucchā ?

Bhagavā hi bhikkhūnaṃ anumatiyā pañhaṃ pucchati –

‘‘ taṃ kiṃ maññatha , bhikkhave , rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā ’’ ti ?

‘‘ Aniccaṃ , bhante ’’.

‘‘ Yaṃ panāniccaṃ , dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā ’’ ti ?

‘‘ Dukkhaṃ , bhante ’’.

‘‘ Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ , kallaṃV1.84 nu kho taṃ samanupassituṃ etaṃ mama , esohamasmi , eso me attā ’’ ti ?

‘‘ No hetaṃ , bhante ’’ ti , ayaṃ anumatipucchā .

Katamā kathetukamyatāpucchā ?

Bhagavā bhikkhūnaṃ kathetukamyatāya pañhaṃ pucchati –

‘‘ cattārome , bhikkhave , satipaṭṭhānā .

Katame cattāro ’’ ti ?

Ayaṃ kathetukamyatāpucchāti .

Tattha buddhānaṃ purimā tisso pucchā natthi .

Kasmā ?

Buddhānaṃ hi tīsu addhāsu kiñci saṅkhataṃ addhāvimuttaṃ vā asaṅkhataṃ adiṭṭhaṃ ajānitaṃ atulitaṃ atīritaṃ avibhūtaṃ avibhāvitaṃ nāma natthi , tasmā tesaṃ adiṭṭhajotanāpucchā natthi .

Yaṃ pana bhagavatā attano ñāṇena paṭividdhaṃ , tassa aññena samaṇena vā brāhmaṇenaP1.103 vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā saddhiṃ saṃsandanakiccaṃM1.80 natthi .

Tenassa diṭṭhasaṃsandanāpucchā natthi .

Yasmā panesa akathaṃkathī tiṇṇavicikiccho sabbadhammesu vihatasaṃsayo , tenassa vimaticchedanāpucchā natthi .

Itarā pana dve pucchā bhagavato atthi , tāsu ayaṃ kathetukamyatāpucchāti veditabbā .

Idāni tāya pucchāya puṭṭhaṃ ekapuggalaṃ vibhāvento tathāgato arahaṃ sammāsambuddhoti āha .

Tattha tathāgatoti aṭṭhahi kāraṇehi bhagavā tathāgato – tathā āgatoti tathāgato , tathā gatoti tathāgato , tathalakkhaṇaṃ āgatoti tathāgato , tathadhamme yāthāvato abhisambuddhoti tathāgato , tathadassitāya tathāgato , tathavāditāya tathāgato , tathākāritāya tathāgato , abhibhavanaṭṭhena tathāgatoti .

Kathaṃ bhagavā tathā āgatoti tathāgato ?

Yathā sabbalokahitāya ussukkamāpannā purimakā sammāsambuddhā āgatā , yathā vipassī bhagavā āgato , yathā sikhī bhagavā , yathā vessabhū bhagavā , yathā kakusandho bhagavā , yathā koṇāgamano bhagavā , yathā kassapo bhagavā āgatoti .

Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti ?

Yena abhinīhārena ete bhagavanto āgatā , teneva amhākampi bhagavā āgato .

Atha vā yathā vipassī bhagavā … pe … yathā kassapo bhagavā dānapāramiṃ pūretvā , sīlanekkhammapaññāvīriyakhantisaccādhiṭṭhānamettāupekkhāpāramiṃ pūretvā imā dasa pāramiyo , dasa upapāramiyo , dasa paramatthapāramiyoti samatiṃsa pāramiyo pūretvā , aṅgapariccāgaṃ nayanadhanarajjaputtadārapariccāganti ime pañca mahāpariccāge pariccajitvā , pubbayogapubbacariyadhammakkhānañātatthacariyādayoV1.85 pūretvā buddhicariyāya koṭiṃ patvā āgato , tathā amhākampi bhagavā āgato .

Yathā ca vipassī bhagavāP1.104 … pe … kassapo bhagavā cattāro satipaṭṭhāne cattāro sammappadhāne cattāro iddhipāde pañcindriyāni pañca balāni satta bojjhaṅge ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bhāvetvā brūhetvā āgato , tathā amhākampi bhagavā āgatoti tathāgato .

‘‘ YathevaM1.81 lokamhi vipassiādayo ,

Sabbaññubhāvaṃ munayo idhāgatā ;

Tathā ayaṃ sakyamunīpi āgato ,

Tathāgato vuccati tena cakkhumā ’’ ti .

Evaṃ tathā āgatoti tathāgato .

Kathaṃ tathā gatoti tathāgato ?

Yathā sampatijāto vipassī bhagavā gato … pe … kassapo bhagavā gato .

Kathañca so gatoti ?

So hi sampatijātova samehi pādehi pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhāya uttarābhimukho sattapadavītihārena gato .

Yathāha –

‘‘ sampatijāto , ānanda , bodhisatto samehi pādehi pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhahitvā uttarābhimukho sattapadavītihārena gacchati setamhi chatte anudhāriyamāne , sabbā ca disā anuviloketi , āsabhiñca vācaṃ bhāsati ‘ aggohamasmi lokassa , jeṭṭhohamasmi lokassa , seṭṭhohamasmi lokassa , ayamantimā jāti , natthi dāni punabbhavo ’’’ ti ( ma . ni .3.207).

Tañcassa gamanaṃ tathaṃ ahosi avitathaṃ anekesaṃ visesādhigamānaṃ pubbanimittabhāvena .

Yañhi so sampatijātova samehi pādehi patiṭṭhahi , idamassa caturiddhipādapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ , uttarābhimukhabhāvo pana sabbalokuttarabhāvassa pubbanimittaṃ , sattapadavītihāro sattabojjhaṅgaratanapaṭilābhassa ,‘‘ suvaṇṇadaṇḍā vītipatanti cāmarā ’’ ti ( su . ni .693) ettha vuttacāmarukkhepo pana sabbatitthiyanimmathanassaP1.105 pubbanimittaṃ , setacchattadhāraṇaṃ arahattaphalavimuttivaravimalasetacchattapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ , sabbadisānuvilokanaṃ sabbaññutānāvaraṇañāṇapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ , āsabhivācābhāsanaṃ appaṭivattiyavaradhammacakkappavattanassa pubbanimittaṃ .

Tathā ayaṃV1.86 bhagavāpi gato .

Tañcassa gamanaṃ kathaṃ ahosi avitathaṃ tesaṃyeva visesādhigamānaṃ pubbanimittabhāvena .

Tenāhu porāṇā –

‘‘ Muhuttajātova gavampatī yathā ,

Samehi pādehi phusī vasundharaṃ ;

So vikkamī satta padāni gotamo ,

Setañca chattaṃ anudhārayuṃ marū .

‘‘ GantvānaM1.82 so satta padāni gotamo ,

Disā vilokesi samā samantato ;

Aṭṭhaṅgupetaṃ giramabbhudīrayi ,

Sīho yathā pabbatamuddhaniṭṭhito ’’ ti .

Evaṃ tathā gatoti tathāgato .

Atha vā yathā vipassī bhagavā … pe … yathā kassapo bhagavā , ayampi bhagavā tatheva nekkhammena kāmacchandaṃ pahāya gato , abyāpādena byāpādaṃ , ālokasaññāya thinamiddhaṃ , avikkhepena uddhaccakukkuccaṃ , dhammavavatthānena vicikicchaṃ pahāya gato , ñāṇena avijjaṃ padāletvā gato , pāmojjena aratiṃ vinodetvā , paṭhamajjhānena nīvaraṇakavāṭaṃ ugghāṭetvā , dutiyajjhānena vitakkavicāraṃ vūpasametvā , tatiyajjhānena pītiṃ virājetvā , catutthajjhānena sukhadukkhaṃ pahāya , ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpattiyā rūpasaññāpaṭighasaññānānattasaññāyo samatikkamitvā , viññāṇañcāyatanasamāpattiyā ākāsānañcāyatanasaññaṃ , ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpattiyāP1.106 viññāṇañcāyatanasaññaṃ , nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpattiyā ākiñcaññāyatanasaññaṃ samatikkamitvā gato .

Aniccānupassanāya niccasaññaṃ pahāya , dukkhānupassanāya sukhasaññaṃ , anattānupassanāya attasaññaṃ , nibbidānupassanāya nandiṃ , virāgānupassanāya rāgaṃ , nirodhānupassanāya samudayaṃ , paṭinissaggānupassanāya ādānaṃ , khayānupassanāya ghanasaññaṃ , vayānupassanāyaV1.87 āyūhanaṃ , vipariṇāmānupassanāya dhuvasaññaṃ , animittānupassanāya nimittasaññaṃ , appaṇihitānupassanāya paṇidhiṃ , suññatānupassanāya abhinivesaṃ , adhipaññādhammavipassanāya sārādānābhinivesaṃ , yathābhūtañāṇadassanena sammohābhinivesaṃ , ādīnavānupassanāya ālayābhinivesaṃ , paṭisaṅkhānupassanāya appaṭisaṅkhaṃ , vivaṭṭānupassanāya saṃyogābhinivesaṃ , sotāpattimaggena diṭṭhekaṭṭhe kilese bhañjitvā , sakadāgāmimaggena oḷārike kilese pahāya , anāgāmimaggena aṇusahagate kilese samugghātetvā , arahattamaggena sabbakilese samucchinditvā gato .

Evampi tathā gatoti tathāgato .

KathaṃM1.83 tathalakkhaṇaṃ āgatoti tathāgato ?

Pathavīdhātuyā kakkhaḷattalakkhaṇaṃ tathaṃ avitathaṃ , āpodhātuyā paggharaṇalakkhaṇaṃ , tejodhātuyā uṇhattalakkhaṇaṃ , vāyodhātuyā vitthambhanalakkhaṇaṃ , ākāsadhātuyā asamphuṭṭhalakkhaṇaṃ , viññāṇadhātuyā vijānanalakkhaṇaṃ .

Rūpassa ruppanalakkhaṇaṃ , vedanāya vedayitalakkhaṇaṃ , saññāya sañjānanalakkhaṇaṃ , saṅkhārānaṃ abhisaṅkharaṇalakkhaṇaṃ , viññāṇassa vijānanalakkhaṇaṃ .

Vitakkassa abhiniropanalakkhaṇaṃ , vicārassa anumajjanalakkhaṇaṃ , pītiyā pharaṇalakkhaṇaṃ , sukhassa sātalakkhaṇaṃ , cittekaggatāya avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ , phassassa phusanalakkhaṇaṃ .

Saddhindriyassa adhimokkhalakkhaṇaṃ , vīriyindriyassa paggahalakkhaṇaṃ , satindriyassaP1.107 upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ , samādhindriyassa avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ , paññindriyassa pajānanalakkhaṇaṃ .

Saddhābalassa assaddhiye akampiyalakkhaṇaṃ , vīriyabalassa kosajje , satibalassa muṭṭhassacce , samādhibalassa uddhacce , paññābalassa avijjāya akampiyalakkhaṇaṃ .

Satisambojjhaṅgassa upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ , dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa pavicayalakkhaṇaṃ , vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa paggahalakkhaṇaṃ , pītisambojjhaṅgassa pharaṇalakkhaṇaṃ , passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa vūpasamalakkhaṇaṃV1.88 , samādhisambojjhaṅgassa avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ , upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa paṭisaṅkhānalakkhaṇaṃ .

Sammādiṭṭhiyā dassanalakkhaṇaṃ , sammāsaṅkappassa abhiniropanalakkhaṇaṃ , sammāvācāya pariggahalakkhaṇaṃ , sammākammantassa samuṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ , sammāājīvassa vodānalakkhaṇaṃ , sammāvāyāmassa paggahalakkhaṇaṃ , sammāsatiyā upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ , sammāsamādhissa avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ .

Avijjāya aññāṇalakkhaṇaṃ , saṅkhārānaṃ cetanālakkhaṇaṃ , viññāṇassa vijānanalakkhaṇaṃ , nāmassa namanalakkhaṇaṃ , rūpassa ruppanalakkhaṇaṃ , saḷāyatanassa āyatanalakkhaṇaṃ , phassassa phusanalakkhaṇaṃ , vedanāya vedayitalakkhaṇaṃ , taṇhāya hetulakkhaṇaṃ , upādānassa gahaṇalakkhaṇaṃ , bhavassa āyūhanalakkhaṇaṃ , jātiyā nibbattilakkhaṇaṃ , jarāya jīraṇalakkhaṇaṃ , maraṇassa cutilakkhaṇaṃ .

DhātūnaṃM1.84 suññatālakkhaṇaṃ , āyatanānaṃ āyatanalakkhaṇaṃ , satipaṭṭhānānaṃ upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ , sammappadhānānaṃ padahanalakkhaṇaṃ , iddhipādānaṃ ijjhanalakkhaṇaṃ , indriyānaṃ adhipatilakkhaṇaṃ , balānaṃ akampiyalakkhaṇaṃ , bojjhaṅgānaṃ niyyānalakkhaṇaṃ , maggassa hetulakkhaṇaṃ .

Saccānaṃ tathalakkhaṇaṃ , samathassa avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ , vipassanāya anupassanālakkhaṇaṃ , samathavipassanānaṃ ekarasalakkhaṇaṃ , yuganaddhānaṃ anativattanalakkhaṇaṃ .

SīlavisuddhiyāP1.108 saṃvaraṇalakkhaṇaṃ , cittavisuddhiyā avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ , diṭṭhivisuddhiyā dassanalakkhaṇaṃ .

Khaye ñāṇassa samucchedalakkhaṇaṃ , anuppāde ñāṇassa passaddhilakkhaṇaṃ .

Chandassa mūlalakkhaṇaṃ , manasikārassa samuṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ , phassassa samodhānalakkhaṇaṃ , vedanāya samosaraṇalakkhaṇaṃ , samādhissa pamukhalakkhaṇaṃ , satiyā ādhipateyyalakkhaṇaṃ , paññāya tatuttariyalakkhaṇaṃV1.89 , vimuttiyā sāralakkhaṇaṃ , amatogadhassa nibbānassa pariyosānalakkhaṇaṃ tathaṃ avitathaṃ .

Evaṃ tathalakkhaṇaṃ ñāṇagatiyā āgato avirajjhitvā patto anuppattoti tathāgato .

Evaṃ tathalakkhaṇaṃ āgatoti tathāgato .

Kathaṃ tathadhamme yāthāvato abhisambuddhoti tathāgato ?

Tathadhammā nāma cattāri ariyasaccāni .

Yathāha –

‘‘ cattārimāni , bhikkhave , tathāni avitathāni anaññathāni .

Katamāni cattāri ?

‘ Idaṃ dukkhan ’ ti , bhikkhave , tathametaṃ avitathametaṃ anaññathametan ’’ ti ( saṃ . ni .5.1090) vitthāro .

Tāni ca bhagavā abhisambuddho , tasmā tathānaṃ abhisambuddhattā tathāgatoti vuccati .

Abhisambodhattho hi ettha gatasaddo .

Apica jarāmaraṇassa jātipaccayasambhūtasamudāgataṭṭho tatho avitatho anaññatho … pe … saṅkhārānaṃ avijjāpaccayasambhūtasamudāgataṭṭho tatho avitatho anaññatho .

Tathā avijjāya saṅkhārānaṃ paccayaṭṭho , saṅkhārānaṃ viññāṇassa paccayaṭṭho … pe … jātiyā jarāmaraṇassa paccayaṭṭho tatho avitatho anaññatho .

Taṃ sabbaṃ bhagavā abhisambuddho .

TasmāpiM1.85 tathānaṃ dhammānaṃ abhisambuddhattā tathāgatoti vuccati .

Evaṃ tathadhamme yāthāvato abhisambuddhoti tathāgato .

Kathaṃ tathadassitāya tathāgato ?

BhagavāP1.109 yaṃ sadevake loke … pe … sadevamanussāya aparimāṇāsu lokadhātūsu aparimāṇānaṃ sattānaṃ cakkhudvāre āpāthaṃ āgacchantaṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ nāma atthi , taṃ sabbākārato jānāti passati .

Evaṃ jānatā passatā ca tena taṃ iṭṭhāniṭṭhādivasena vā diṭṭhasutamutaviññātesu labbhamānakapadavasena vā ‘‘ katamaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ rūpāyatanaṃ ?

Yaṃ rūpaṃ catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya vaṇṇanibhā sanidassanaṃ sappaṭighaṃ nīlaṃ pītakan ’’ tiādinā ( dha . sa .616) nayena anekehi nāmehi terasahi vārehi dvepaññāsāya nayehi vibhajjamānaṃ tathameva hoti , vitathaṃ natthi .

Esa nayo sotadvārādīsupi āpāthamāgacchantesu saddādīsu .

Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā –

‘‘ yaṃ , bhikkhave , sadevakassa lokassa … pe … sadevamanussāya diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ anuvicaritaṃ manasā , tamahaṃ jānāmi , tamahaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ , taṃ tathāgatassa viditaṃ , taṃ tathāgato na upaṭṭhāsī ’’ ti ( a . ni .4.24).

Evaṃ tathadassitāya tathāgato .

Tattha tathadassīatthe tathāgatoti padasambhavo veditabbo .

KathaṃV1.90 tathavāditāya tathāgato ?

Yaṃ rattiṃ bhagavā bodhimaṇḍe aparājitapallaṅke nisinno tiṇṇaṃ mārānaṃ matthakaṃ madditvā anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho , yañca rattiṃ yamakasālānaṃ antare anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyi , etthantare pañcacattālīsavassaparimāṇe kāle paṭhamabodhiyāpi majjhimabodhiyāpi pacchimabodhiyāpi yaṃ bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ suttaṃ geyyaṃ … pe … vedallaṃ , sabbaṃP1.110 taṃ atthato ca byañjanato ca anupavajjaṃ anūnaṃ anadhikaṃ sabbākāraparipuṇṇaṃ rāgamadanimmadanaṃ dosamohamadanimmadanaṃ , natthi tattha vālaggamattampi avakkhalitaṃ , sabbaṃ taṃ ekamuddikāya lañchitaṃ viya ekanāḷikāya mitaṃ viya ekatulāya tulitaṃ viya ca tathameva hoti avitathaṃ .

Tenāha –

‘‘ yañca , cunda , rattiṃ tathāgato anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambujjhati , yañca rattiṃ anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyati , yaṃ etasmiṃ antare bhāsatiM1.86 lapati niddisati , sabbaṃ taṃ tatheva hoti no aññathā .

Tasmā tathāgatoti vuccatī ’’ ti ( dī . ni .3.188).

Gadattho hi ettha gatasaddo .

Evaṃ tathavāditāya tathāgato .

Apica āgadanaṃ āgado , vacananti attho .

Tatho aviparīto āgado assāti dakārassa takāraṃ katvā tathāgatoti evampetasmiṃ atthe padasiddhi veditabbā .

Kathaṃ tathākāritāya tathāgato ?

Bhagavato hi vācāya kāyo anulometi kāyassapi vācā , tasmā yathāvādī tathākārī yathākārī tathāvādī ca hoti .

Evaṃ bhūtassa cassa yathā vācā , kāyopi tathā gato , pavattoti attho .

Yathā ca kāyo , vācāpi tathā gatāti tathāgato .

Tenevāha –

‘‘ yathāvādī , bhikkhave , tathāgato tathākārī , yathākārī tathāvādī .

Iti yathāvādī tathākārī , yathākārī tathāvādī .

Tasmā ‘ tathāgato ’ ti vuccatī ’’ ti ( a . ni .4.23).

Evaṃ tathākāritāya tathāgato .

Kathaṃ abhibhavanaṭṭhena tathāgato ?

Upari bhavaggaṃ heṭṭhā avīciṃ pariyantaṃ katvā tiriyaṃP1.111 aparimāṇāsu lokadhātūsu sabbasatte abhibhavati sīlenapi samādhināpi paññāyapi vimuttiyāpi , na tassa tulā vā pamāṇaṃ vā atthi , atulo appameyyo anuttaro rājarājo devadevo sakkānamatisakko brahmānamatibrahmā .

Tenāha –

‘‘ sadevake loke , bhikkhave … pe … sadevamanussāyaV1.91 tathāgato abhibhū anabhibhūto aññadatthu daso vasavattī .

Tasmā ‘ tathāgato ’ ti vuccatī ’’ ti ( a . ni .4.23).

Tatrevaṃ padasiddhi veditabbā – agado viya agado .

Ko panesa ?

Desanāvilāso ceva puññussayo ca .

Tena hesa mahānubhāvo bhisakko dibbāgadena sappe viya sabbaparappavādino sadevakañca lokaṃ abhibhavati .

Iti sabbalokābhibhavane tatho aviparīto desanāvilāso ceva puññussayo ca agado assāti dakārassa takāraṃ katvā tathāgatoti veditabbo .

Evaṃ abhibhavanaṭṭhena tathāgato .

ApicaM1.87 tathāya gatotipi tathāgato , tathaṃ gatotipi tathāgato , gatoti avagato atīto patto paṭipannoti attho .

Tattha sakalalokaṃ tīraṇapariññāya tathāya gato avagatoti tathāgato .

Lokasamudayaṃ pahānapariññāya tathāya gato atītoti tathāgato , lokanirodhaṃ sacchikiriyāya tathāya gato pattoti tathāgato , lokanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ tathāya gato paṭipannoti tathāgato .

Tena yaṃ vuttaṃ bhagavatā –

‘‘ Loko , bhikkhave , tathāgatena abhisambuddho , lokasmā tathāgatoP1.112 visaṃyutto .

Lokasamudayo , bhikkhave , tathāgatena abhisambuddho , lokasamudayo tathāgatassa pahīno .

Lokanirodho , bhikkhave , tathāgatena abhisambuddho , lokanirodho tathāgatassa sacchikato .

Lokanirodhagāminī paṭipadā , bhikkhave , tathāgatena abhisambuddhā , lokanirodhagāminī paṭipadā tathāgatassa bhāvitā .

Yaṃ , bhikkhave , sadevakassa lokassa … pe … sabbaṃ taṃ tathāgatena abhisambuddhaṃ .

Tasmā ‘ tathāgato ’ ti vuccatī ’’ ti ( a . ni .4.23).

Tassapi evaṃ attho veditabbo .

Idampi ca tathāgatassa tathāgatabhāvadīpane mukhamattameva .

Sabbākārena pana tathāgatova tathāgatassa tathāgatabhāvaṃ vaṇṇeyya .

Arahaṃ sammāsambuddhoti padadvaye pana ārakattā , arīnaṃ arānañca hatattā , paccayādīnaṃ arahattā , pāpakaraṇe rahābhāvāti imehi tāva kāraṇehi arahanti veditabbo .

Sammā sāmañca sabbadhammānaṃV1.92 buddhattā pana sammāsambuddhoti ayamettha saṅkhepo , vitthārato panetaṃ padadvayaṃ visuddhimagge ( visuddhi .1.123 ādayo ) buddhānussativaṇṇanāyaṃ pakāsitanti .

171. Dutiye pātubhāvoti uppatti nipphatti .

Dullabho lokasmin ti imasmiṃ sattaloke dullabho sudullabho paramadullabho .

Kasmā dullabhoti ?

Ekavāraṃ dānapāramiṃ pūretvā buddhena bhavituṃ na sakkā , dve vāre dasa vāre vīsati vāre paññāsa vāre vārasataṃ vārasahassaṃ vārasatasahassaṃ vārakoṭisatasahassampi dānapāramiṃ pūretvā buddhena bhavituṃM1.88 na sakkā , tathā ekadivasaṃ dve divase dasa divase vīsati divase paññāsa divase divasasataṃ divasasahassaṃ divasasatasahassaṃ divasakoṭisatasahassaṃP1.113 .

Ekamāsaṃ dve māse … pe … māsakoṭisatasahassaṃ .

Ekasaṃvaccharaṃ dve saṃvacchare … pe … saṃvaccharakoṭisatasahassaṃ .

Ekakappaṃ dve kappe … pe … kappakoṭisatasahassaṃ .

Kappānaṃ ekaṃ asaṅkhyeyyaṃ dve asaṅkhyeyyāni tīṇi asaṅkhyeyyāni dānapāramiṃ pūretvā buddhena bhavituṃ na sakkā .

Sīlapāramīnekkhammapāramī … pe … upekkhāpāramīsupi eseva nayo .

Pacchimakoṭiyā pana kappasatasahassādhikāni cattāri asaṅkhyeyyāni dasa pāramiyo pūretvā buddhena bhavituṃ sakkāti iminā kāraṇena dullabho .

172. Tatiye acchariyamanussoti acchariyo manusso .

Acchariyoti andhassa pabbatārohaṇaṃ viya niccaṃ na hotīti attho .

Ayaṃ tāva saddanayo .

Ayaṃ pana aṭṭhakathānayo – accharāyoggoti acchariyo , accharaṃ paharitvā passitabboti attho .

Apica ‘‘ tathāgatassa , bhikkhave , arahato sammāsambuddhassa pātubhāvā cattāro acchariyā abbhutā dhammā pātubhavantī ’’ ti ( a . ni .4.127) evamādīhi anekehi acchariyabbhutadhammehi samannāgatattāpi acchariyamanusso .

Āciṇṇamanussotipi acchariyamanusso .

Abhinīhārassa hi sampādake aṭṭha dhamme samodhānetvā ekabuddhassa sammukhe mahābodhimaṇḍe mānasaṃ bandhitvā nisajjanaṃ nāma na aññassa kassaci āciṇṇaṃ , sabbaññubodhisattasseva āciṇṇaṃ .

Tathā buddhānaṃ santike byākaraṇaṃ labhitvā anivattakena hutvā vīriyādhiṭṭhānaṃ adhiṭṭhāya buddhakārakadhammānaṃ pūraṇampi na aññassa kassaci āciṇṇaṃ , sabbaññubodhisattasseva āciṇṇaṃ .

Tathā pāramiyo gabbhaṃ gaṇhāpetvāP1.114 vessantarattabhāvasadise attabhāve ṭhatvā sabbālaṅkārapaṭimaṇḍitānaṃ hatthīnaṃ sattasatāni assānaṃ sattasatānīti evaṃ sattasatakamahādānaṃ datvāV1.93 jālikumārasadisaṃ puttaṃ , kaṇhājināsadisaṃ dhītaraṃ , maddīdevisadisaṃ bhariyañca dānamukhe niyyātetvā yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā dutiye attabhāve tusitabhavane paṭisandhiggahaṇampi na aññassa kassaci āciṇṇaṃ , sabbaññubodhisattasseva āciṇṇaṃ .

Tusitapure yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā devatānaṃ āyācanaṃ sampaṭicchitvā pañcamahāvilokanaṃ viloketvā satassaM1.89 sampajānassa tusitapurā cavitvā mahābhogakule paṭisandhiggahaṇampi na aññassa kassaci āciṇṇaṃ , sabbaññubodhisattasseva āciṇṇaṃ .

Tathā paṭisandhiggahaṇadivase dasasahassilokadhātukampanampi , satassa sampajānassa mātukucchiyaṃ nivāsopi , satassa sampajānassa mātukucchito nikkhamanadivase dasasahassilokadhātukampanampi , sampatijātassa sattapadavītihāragamanampi , dibbasetacchatta .

dhāraṇampi , dibbavāḷabījanukkhepopi , sabbadisāsu sīhavilokanaṃ viloketvā attanā paṭisamaṃ kañci sattaṃ adisvā ‘‘ aggohamasmi lokassā ’’ ti evaṃ sīhanādanadanampi , paripākagate ñāṇe mahāsampattiṃ pahāya mahābhinikkhamanampi , mahābodhimaṇḍe pallaṅkena nisinnassa māravijayaṃ ādiṃ katvā pubbenivāsānussatidibbacakkhuvisodhanāni katvā paccūsasamaye sabbaññutaññāṇaguṇarāsipaṭividdhakkhaṇe dasasahassilokadhātukampanampi , paṭhamadhammadesanāya anuttaraṃ tiparivaṭṭaṃ dhammacakkappavattanampīti evamādi sabbaṃ na aññassa kassaci āciṇṇaṃ , sabbaññubuddhasseva āciṇṇaṃ .

Evaṃ āciṇṇamanussotipi acchariyamanusso .

173. CatuttheP1.115 kālakiriyāti ekasmiṃ kāle pākaṭā kiriyāti kālakiriyā .

Tathāgato hi pañcacattālīsa vassāni ṭhatvā tīṇi piṭakāni pañca nikāye navaṅgaṃ satthusāsanaṃ caturāsīti dhammakkhandhasahassāni pakāsetvā mahājanaṃ nibbānaninnaṃ nibbānapoṇaṃ katvā yamakasālānamantare nipanno bhikkhusaṅghaṃ āmantetvā appamādena ovaditvā sato sampajāno anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyi .

Ayamassa kiriyā yāvajjatanā pākaṭāti ekasmiṃ kāle pākaṭā kiriyāti kālakiriyā .

Anutappā hotīti anutāpakarā hoti .

Tattha cakkavattirañño kālakiriyā ekacakkavāḷe devamanussānaṃ anutāpakarā hoti .

Buddhānaṃ kālakiriyā dasasahassacakkavāḷesu devamanussānaṃ anutāpakarā hoti .

Tena vuttaṃ –

‘‘ bahuno janassa anutappā hotī ’’ ti .

174. Pañcame adutiyoti dutiyassa buddhassa abhāvā adutiyo .

Cattāro hi buddhā sutabuddho , catusaccabuddho , paccekabuddho , sabbaññubuddhoti .

Tattha bahussuto bhikkhu sutabuddho nāmaV1.94 .

Khīṇāsavo catusaccabuddho nāmaM1.90 .

Kappasatasahassādhikāni dve asaṅkhyeyyāni pāramiyo pūretvā sāmaṃ paṭividdhapaccekabodhiñāṇo paccekabuddho nāma .

Kappasatasahassādhikāni cattāri vā aṭṭha vā soḷasa vā asaṅkhyeyyāni pāramiyo pūretvā tiṇṇaṃ mārānaṃ matthakaṃ madditvā paṭividdhasabbaññutaññāṇo sabbaññubuddho nāma .

Imesu catūsu buddhesu sabbaññubuddhova adutiyo nāma .

Na hi tena saddhiṃ añño sabbaññubuddho nāma uppajjati .

Asahāyoti attabhāvena vā paṭividdhadhammehi vā sadiso sahāyo nāma assa natthīti asahāyo .

‘‘ Laddhasahāyo kho pana so bhagavā sekhānañceva paṭipadānan ’’ ti iminā pana pariyāyena sekhāsekhā buddhānaṃ sahāyā nāma honti .

Appaṭimoti paṭimāP1.116 vuccati attabhāvo , tassa attabhāvasadisā aññā paṭimā natthīti appaṭimo .

Yāpi ca manussā suvaṇṇarajatādimayā paṭimā karonti , tāsu vālaggamattampi okāsaṃ tathāgatassa attabhāvasadisaṃ kātuṃ samattho nāma natthīti sabbathāpi appaṭimo .

Appaṭisamoti attabhāvenevassa paṭisamo nāma koci natthīti appaṭisamo .

Appaṭibhāgoti ye tathāgatena ‘‘ cattāro satipaṭṭhānā ’’ tiādinā nayena dhammā desitā , tesu ‘‘ na cattāro satipaṭṭhānā , tayo vā pañca vā ’’ tiādinā nayena paṭibhāgaṃ kātuṃ samattho nāma natthīti appaṭibhāgo .

Appaṭipuggaloti añño koci ‘‘ ahaṃ buddho ’’ ti evaṃ paṭiññaṃ kātuṃ samattho puggalo natthīti appaṭipuggalo .

Asamoti appaṭipuggalattāva sabbasattehi asamo .

Asamasamoti asamā vuccanti atītānāgatā sabbaññubuddhā , tehi asamehi samoti asamasamo .

Dvipadānaṃ aggoti sammāsambuddho apadānaṃ dvipadānaṃ catuppadānaṃ bahuppadānaṃ rūpīnaṃ arūpīnaṃ saññīnaṃ asaññīnaṃ nevasaññīnāsaññīnaṃ sattānaṃ aggova .

Kasmā idha dvipadānaṃ aggoti vutto ?

Seṭṭhataravasena .

Imasmiñhi loke seṭṭho nāma uppajjamāno apadacatuppadabahuppadesu na uppajjati , dvipadesuyeva uppajjati .

Kataradvipadvesūti ?

Manussesu ceva devesu ca .

Manussesu uppajjamāno tisahassimahāsahassilokadhātuṃ vase vattetuṃ samatthoM1.91 buddho hutvā uppajjati .

Devesu uppajjamāno dasasahassilokadhātuṃ vasavattī mahābrahmā hutvā uppajjati .

SoV1.95 tassa kappiyakārako vā ārāmikoP1.117 vā sampajjati .

Iti tatopi seṭṭhataravasenesa dvipadānaṃ aggoti vutto .

175-186.

Chaṭṭhādīsu ekapuggalassa , bhikkhave , pātubhāvā mahato cakkhussa pātubhāvo hotīti , bhikkhave , ekapuggalassa tathāgatassa arahato sammāsambuddhassa pātubhāvena mahantassa cakkhussa pātubhāvo hoti .

Tasmiṃ puggale pātubhūte taṃ pātubhūtameva hoti , na vinā tassa pātubhāvena pātubhavati .

Pātubhāvoti uppatti nipphatti .

Katamassa cakkhussāti ?

Paññācakkhussa .

Kīvarūpassāti ?

Sāriputtattherassa vipassanāpaññāsadisassa mahāmoggallānattherassa samādhipaññāsadisassāti .

Ālokā dīsupi eseva nayo .

Ubhinnaṃ aggasāvakānaṃ paññāālokasadisoyeva hi ettha āloko , paññāobhāsasadisoyeva obhāso adhippeto .

‘‘ Mahato cakkhussa , mahato ālokassa , mahato obhāsassā ’’ ti imāni ca pana tīṇipi lokiyalokuttaramissakāni kathitānīti veditabbāni .

Channaṃ anuttariyānan ti uttaritaravirahitānaṃ channaṃ uttamadhammānaṃ .

Tattha dassanānuttariyaṃ , savanānuttariyaṃ , lābhānuttariyaṃ , sikkhānuttariyaṃ , pāricariyānuttariyaṃ , anussatānuttariyanti imāni cha anuttariyāni .

Imesaṃ pātubhāvo hotīti attho .

Āyasmā hi ānandatthero sāyaṃpātaṃ tathāgataṃ cakkhuviññāṇena daṭṭhuṃ labhati , idaṃ dassanānuttariyaṃ .

Aññopi sotāpanno vā sakadāgāmī vā anāgāmī vā ānandatthero viya tathāgataṃ dassanāya labhati , idampi dassanānuttariyaṃP1.118 .

Aparo pana puthujjanakalyāṇako ānandatthero viya dasabalaṃ dassanāya labhitvā taṃ dassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā sotāpattimaggaṃ pāpeti .

Idaṃ dassanameva nāma , mūladassanaṃ pana dassanānuttariyaṃ nāma .

Ānandattheroyeva ca abhikkhaṇaṃ dasabalassa vacanaṃ sotaviññāṇena sotuṃ labhati , idaṃ savanānuttariyaṃ .

Aññepi sotāpannādayo ānandatthero viya tathāgatassa vacanaṃ savanāya labhanti , idampi savanānuttariyaṃ .

Aparo pana puthujjanakalyāṇako ānandatthero viya tathāgatassaM1.92 vacanaṃ sotuṃ labhitvā taṃ savanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā sotāpattimaggaṃ pāpeti .

Idaṃ savanameva nāma , mūlasavanaṃ pana savanānuttariyaṃ nāma .

ĀnandattheroyevaV1.96 ca dasabale saddhaṃ paṭilabhati , idaṃ lābhānuttariyaṃ .

Aññepi sotāpannādayo ānandatthero viya dasabale saddhāpaṭilābhaṃ labhanti , idampi lābhānuttariyaṃ .

Aparo pana puthujjanakalyāṇako ānandatthero viya dasabale saddhāpaṭilābhaṃ labhitvā taṃ lābhaṃ vaḍḍhetvā sotāpattimaggaṃ pāpeti , ayaṃ lābhoyeva nāma , mūlalābho pana lābhānuttariyaṃ nāma .

Ānandattheroyeva ca dasabalassa sāsane tisso sikkhā sikkhati , idaṃ sikkhānuttariyaṃ .

Aññepi sotāpannādayo ānandatthero viya dasabalassa sāsane tisso sikkhā sikkhanti , idampi sikkhānuttariyaṃ .

Aparo pana puthujjanakalyāṇako ānandatthero viya dasabalassa sāsane tisso sikkhā sikkhitvā tā sikkhā vaḍḍhetvā sotāpattimaggaṃ pāpeti .

Ayaṃ sikkhāyeva nāma , mūlasikkhā pana sikkhānuttariyaṃ nāma .

Ānandattheroyeva ca abhiṇhaṃ dasabalaṃ paricarati , idaṃ pāricariyānuttariyaṃ .

Aññepi sotāpannādayo ānandatthero viya abhiṇhaṃ dasabalaṃ paricaranti , idampi pāricariyānuttariyaṃ .

Aparo pana puthujjanakalyāṇako ānandattheroP1.119 viya dasabalaṃ paricaritvā taṃ pāricariyaṃ vaḍḍhetvā sotāpattimaggaṃ pāpeti , ayaṃ pāricariyāyeva nāma , mūlapāricariyā pana pāricariyānuttariyaṃ nāma .

Ānandattheroyeva ca dasabalassa lokiyalokuttare guṇe anussarati , idaṃ anussatānuttariyaṃ .

Aññepi sotāpannādayo ānandatthero viya dasabalassa lokiyalokuttare guṇe anussaranti , idampi anussatānuttariyaṃ .

Aparo pana puthujjanakalyāṇako ānandatthero viya dasabalassa lokiyalokuttare guṇe anussaritvā taṃ anussatiṃ vaḍḍhetvā sotāpattimaggaṃ pāpeti , ayaṃ anussatiyeva nāma , mūlānussati pana anussatānuttariyaṃ nāma .

Imāni cha anuttariyāni , imesaṃ pātubhāvo hoti .

Imāni ca pana cha anuttariyāni lokiyalokuttaramissakāni kathitānīti veditabbāni .

CatunnaṃM1.93 paṭisambhidānaṃ sacchikiriyā hotīti catasso hi paṭisambhidāyo atthapaṭisambhidā , dhammapaṭisambhidā , niruttipaṭisambhidā , paṭibhānapaṭisambhidāti .

Tattha atthesu ñāṇaṃ atthapaṭisambhidā , dhammesu ñāṇaṃ dhammapaṭisambhidā , atthadhammaniruttābhilāpe ñāṇaṃ niruttipaṭisambhidāV1.97 , ñāṇesu ñāṇaṃ paṭibhānapaṭisambhidā .

Ayamettha saṅkhepo , vitthāro panetāsaṃ abhidhamme ( vibha .718 ādayo ) āgatoyeva .

Imāsaṃ catassannaṃ paṭisambhidānaṃ buddhuppāde paccakkhakiriyā hoti , na vinā buddhuppādā .

Etāsaṃ sacchikiriyāti attho .

Imāpi lokiyalokuttarāva kathitāti veditabbā .

Anekadhātupaṭivedhoti ‘‘ cakkhudhātu rūpadhātū ’’ tiādīnaṃ aṭṭhārasannaṃ dhātūnaṃ buddhuppādeyeva paṭivedho hoti , na vinā buddhuppādenāti attho .

Nānādhātupaṭivedhoti etthaP1.120 imāva aṭṭhārasa dhātuyo nānāsabhāvato nānādhātuyoti veditabbā .

Yo panetāsaṃ ‘‘ nānāsabhāvā etā ’’ ti evaṃ nānākaraṇato paṭivedho , ayaṃ nānādhātupaṭivedho nāma .

Vijjāvimuttiphalasacchikiriyāti ettha vijjāti phale ñāṇaṃ , vimuttīti tadavasesā phalasampayuttā dhammā .

Sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāti sototi paṭhamamaggo , tena sotena pattabbaṃ phalanti sotāpattiphalaṃ .

Sakadāgāmiphalā dīni pākaṭāneva .

187. Anuttaran ti niruttaraṃ .

Dhammacakkan ti seṭṭhacakkaṃ .

Cakkasaddo hesa –

‘‘ Catubbhi aṭṭhajjhagamā , aṭṭhāhipi ca soḷasa ;

Soḷasāhi ca bāttiṃsa , atricchaṃ cakkamāsado ;

Icchāhatassa posassa , cakkaṃ bhamati matthake ’’ ti .( jā .1.1.104;1.5.103)–

Ettha uracakke āgato .

‘‘ Cakkasamāruḷhā jānapadā pariyāyantī ’’ ti ( a . ni .3.63;5.54) ettha iriyāpathacakke .

‘‘ Atha kho so , bhikkhave , rathakāro yaṃ taṃ cakkaṃ chahi māsehi niṭṭhitaṃ , taṃ pavattesī ’’ ti ( a . ni .3.15) ettha dārucakke .

‘‘ Addasā kho doṇo brāhmaṇo bhagavato pādesu cakkāni sahassārānī ’’ ti ( a . ni .4.36) ettha lakkhaṇacakke .

‘‘ Cattārimāni , bhikkhave , cakkāni , yehi samannāgatānaṃ devamanussānaṃM1.94 catucakkaṃ vattatī ’’ ti ( a . ni .4.31) ettha sampatticakke .

‘‘ DibbaṃP1.121 cakkaratanaṃ pātubhavatī ’’ ti ( dī . ni .2.243; ma . ni .3.256) ettha ratanacakke .

Idha pana dhammacakke āgato .

Pavattitan tiV1.98 ettha dhammacakkaṃ abhinīharati nāma , abhinīhaṭaṃ nāma , uppādeti nāma , uppāditaṃ nāma , pavatteti nāma , pavattitaṃ nāmāti ayaṃ pabhedo veditabbo .

Kuto paṭṭhāya dhammacakkaṃ abhinīharati nāmāti ?

Yadā sumedhabrāhmaṇo hutvā kāmesu ādīnavaṃ nekkhamme ca ānisaṃsaṃ disvā sattasatakamahādānaṃ datvā isipabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā pañca abhiññā aṭṭha samāpattiyo nibbatteti , tato paṭṭhāya dhammacakkaṃ abhinīharati nāma .

Kuto paṭṭhāya abhinīhaṭaṃ nāmāti ?

Yadā aṭṭha dhamme samodhānetvā dīpaṅkarapādamūle mahābodhimaṇḍatthāya mānasaṃ bandhitvā ‘‘ byākaraṇaṃ aladdhā na vuṭṭhahissāmī ’’ ti vīriyādhiṭṭhānaṃ adhiṭṭhāya nipanno dasabalassa santikā byākaraṇaṃ labhi , tato paṭṭhāya dhammacakkaṃ abhinīhaṭaṃ nāma .

Kuto paṭṭhāya uppādeti nāmāti ?

Tato paṭṭhāya dānapāramiṃ pūrentopi dhammacakkaṃ uppādeti nāma .

Sīlapāramiṃ pūrentopi … pe … upekkhāpāramiṃ pūrentopi dhammacakkaṃ uppādeti nāma .

Dasa pāramiyo dasa upapāramiyo dasa paramatthapāramiyo pūrentopi , pañca mahāpariccāge pariccajantopi , ñātatthacariyaṃ pūrentopi dhammacakkaṃ uppādeti nāma .

Vessantarattabhāve ṭhatvā sattasatakamahādānaṃ datvā puttadāraṃ dānamukhe niyyātetvā pāramikūṭaṃ gahetvā tusitapure nibbattitvā tattha yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā devatāhi āyācito paṭiññaṃ datvā pañcamahāvilokanaṃ vilokentopiP1.122 dhammacakkaṃ uppādetiyeva nāma .

Mātukucchiyaṃ paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhantopi , paṭisandhikkhaṇe dasasahassacakkavāḷaṃ kampentopi , mātukucchito nikkhantadivase tatheva lokaṃ kampentopi , sampatijāto satta padāni gantvā ‘‘ aggomahasmī ’’ ti sīhanādaṃ nadantopi , ekūnatiṃsa saṃvaccharāni agāramajjhe vasantopi , mahābhinikkhamanaṃ nikkhamantopi , anomānadītīre pabbajantopi , mahāpadhāne chabbassāni vīriyaṃ karontopi , sujātāya dinnaṃ madhupāyāsaṃ bhuñjitvā suvaṇṇapātiṃ nadiyā pavāhetvā sāyanhasamaye bodhimaṇḍavaragato puratthimaṃ lokadhātuṃ olokento nisīditvā sūriye dharamāneyeva mārabalaṃ vidhametvā paṭhamayāmeM1.95 pubbenivāsaṃ anussarantopi , majjhimayāme dibbacakkhuṃ visodhentopi , paccūsakālasamanantare paccayākāraṃ sammasitvā sotāpattimaggaṃ paṭivijjhantopi , sotāpattiphalaṃ sacchikarontopi , sakadāgāmimaggaṃ sakadāgāmiphalaṃ anāgāmimaggaṃ anāgāmiphalaṃ sacchikarontopi , arahattamaggaṃ paṭivijjhantopi dhammacakkaṃ uppādetiyeva nāma .

ArahattaphalakkhaṇeV1.99 pana tena dhammacakkaṃ uppāditaṃ nāma .

Buddhānañhi sakalalokiyalokuttaraguṇarāsi arahattaphaleneva saddhiṃ ijjhati .

Tasmā tena tasmiṃ khaṇe dhammacakkaṃ uppāditaṃ nāma hoti .

Kadā pavatteti nāma ?

Bodhimaṇḍe sattasattāhaṃ vītināmetvā isipatane migadāye aññākoṇḍaññattheraṃ kāyasakkhiṃ katvā dhammacakkappavattanasuttantaṃ desento dhammacakkaṃ pavatteti nāma .

Yadā pana aññākoṇḍaññattherena dasabalassa desanāñāṇānubhāvanibbattaṃ savanaṃ labhitvā sabbapaṭhamaṃ dhammo adhigato , tato paṭṭhāya dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ nāma hotīti veditabbaṃ .

DhammacakkantiP1.123 cetaṃ desanāñāṇassapi nāmaṃ paṭivedhañāṇassapi .

Tesu desanāñāṇaṃ lokiyaṃ , paṭivedhañāṇaṃ lokuttaraṃ .

Kassa desanāpaṭivedhañāṇanti ?

Na aññassa kassaci , sammāsambuddhasseva desanāñāṇañca paṭivedhañāṇañcāti veditabbaṃ .

Sammadevāti hetunā nayena kāraṇeneva .

Anuppavattetīti yathā purato gacchantassa pacchato gacchanto taṃ anugacchati nāma , evaṃ paṭhamataraṃ satthārā pavattitaṃ thero anuppavatteti nāma .

Kathaṃ ?

Satthā hi ‘‘ cattārome , bhikkhave , satipaṭṭhānā .

Katame cattāro ’’ ti kathento dhammacakkaṃ pavatteti nāma , dhammasenāpati sāriputtattheropi ‘‘ cattārome , āvuso , satipaṭṭhānā ’’ ti kathento dhammacakkaṃ anuppavatteti nāma .

Sammappadhānādīsupi eseva nayo .

Na kevalañca bodhipakkhiyadhammesu ,‘‘ cattārimāni , bhikkhave , ariyasaccāni .

Cattārome , bhikkhave , ariyavaṃsā ’’ tiādīsupi ayaṃ nayo netabbova .

Evaṃ sammāsambuddho dhammacakkaṃ pavatteti nāma , thero dasabalena pavattitaṃ dhammacakkaṃ anuppavatteti nāma .

Evaṃ dhammacakkaṃ anuppavattentena pana therena dhammo desitopi pakāsitopi satthārāva desito pakāsito hoti .

Yo hi koci bhikkhu vā bhikkhunī vā upāsako vā upāsikā vā devo vā sakko vā māroM1.96 vā brahmā vā dhammaṃ desetu pakāsetu , sabbo so satthārā desito pakāsitova nāma hoti , sesajano pana lekhahārakapakkhe ṭhitova nāma hoti .

Kathaṃ ?

Yathā hi raññā dinnaṃ paṇṇaṃ vācetvā yaṃ yaṃ kammaṃ karonti , taṃ taṃ kammaṃ yenaV1.100 kenaci katampi kāritampiP1.124 raññā kāritanteva vuccati .

Mahārājā viya hi sammāsambuddho .

Rājapaṇṇaṃ viya tepiṭakaṃ buddhavacanaṃ .

Paṇṇadānaṃ viya tepiṭake nayamukhadānaṃ paṇṇaṃ vācetvā taṃtaṃkammānaṃ karaṇaṃ viya catunnaṃ parisānaṃ attano balena buddhavacanaṃ uggaṇhitvā paresaṃ desanā pakāsanā .

Tattha yathā paṇṇaṃ vācetvā yena kenaci katampi kāritampi taṃ kammaṃ raññā kāritameva hoti , evameva yena kenaci desitopi pakāsitopi dhammo satthārā desito pakāsitova nāma hotīti veditabbo .

Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānatthamevāti .

Ekapuggalavaggavaṇṇanā .

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