1. Rūpādivaggavaṇṇanā

TatthaV1.4M1.3 aṅguttarāgamo nāma ekakanipāto dukanipāto tikanipāto catukkanipāto pañcakanipāto chakkanipāto sattakanipāto aṭṭhakanipāto navakanipāto dasakanipāto ekādasakanipātoti ekādasa nipātā honti .

Suttato –

‘‘ Nava suttasahassāni , pañca suttasatāni ca ;

Sattapaññāsa suttāni , honti aṅguttarāgame ’’.

Tassa nipātesu ekakanipāto ādi , suttesu cittapariyādānasuttaṃ .

Tassāpi ‘‘ evaṃ me sutan ’’ tiādikaṃ āyasmatā ānandena paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikāle vuttaṃ nidānamādi .

Sā panesā paṭhamamahāsaṅgīti sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāya ādimhi vitthāritā , tasmā sā tattha vitthāritanayeneva veditabbā .

Nidānavaṇṇanā

1. YaṃP1.4 panetaṃ ‘‘ evaṃ me sutan ’’ tiādikaṃ nidānaṃ , tattha evan ti nipātapadaṃ , metiādīni nāmapadāni .

Sāvatthiyaṃ viharatīti ettha vīti upasaggapadaṃ , haratīti ākhyātapadanti iminā tāva nayena padavibhāgo veditabbo .

Atthato pana evaṃ saddo tāva upamūpadesa-sampahaṃsana-garahaṇavacana-sampaṭiggahākāranidassanāvadhāraṇādi-anekatthappabhedo .

Tathā hesa ‘‘ evaṃ jātena maccena , kattabbaṃ kusalaṃ bahun ’’ ti evamādīsu ( dha . pa .53) upamāyaṃ āgato .

‘‘ Evaṃ te abhikkamitabbaṃ , evaṃ te paṭikkamitabban ’’ tiādīsu ( a . ni .4.122) upadese .

‘‘ Evametaṃ bhagavā , evametaṃ sugatā ’’ tiādīsuV1.5 ( a . ni .3.66) sampahaṃsane .

‘‘ Evamevaṃ panāyaṃ vasalī yasmiṃ vā tasmiṃ vā tassa muṇḍakassa samaṇakassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsatī ’’ tiādīsu ( saṃ . ni .1.187) garahaṇe .

‘‘ Evaṃ , bhanteti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosun ’’ tiādīsu ( ma . ni .1.1) vacanasampaṭiggahe .

‘‘ Evaṃ byākho ahaṃ , bhante , bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmī ’’ tiādīsu ( ma . ni .1.398) ākāre .

‘‘ Ehi tvaṃ , māṇavaka , yena samaṇo ānando tenupasaṅkama ;

upasaṅkamitvā mamaM1.4 vacanena samaṇaṃ ānandaṃ appābādhaṃ appātaṅkaṃ lahuṭṭhānaṃ balaṃ phāsuvihāraṃ puccha –

‘ subho māṇavo todeyyaputto bhavantaṃ ānandaṃP1.5 appābādhaṃ … pe … phāsuvihāraṃ pucchatī ’ ti , evañca vadehi ‘‘ sādhu kira bhavaṃ ānando yena subhassa māṇavassa todeyyaputtassa nivesanaṃ , tenupasaṅkamatu anukampaṃ upādāyā ’’ tiādīsu ( dī . ni .1.445) nidassane .

‘‘ Taṃ kiṃ maññatha , kālāmā , ime dhammā kusalā vā akusalā vāti ?

Akusalā , bhante .

Sāvajjā vā anavajjā vāti ?

Sāvajjā , bhante .

Viññugarahitā vā viññuppasatthā vāti ?

Viññugarahitā , bhante .

Samattā samādinnā ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattanti no vā , kathaṃ vo ettha hotīti ?

Samattā , bhante , samādinnā ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattanti , evaṃ no ettha hotī ’’ tiādīsu ( a . ni .3.66) avadhāraṇe .

Svāyamidha ākāranidassanāvadhāraṇesu daṭṭhabbo .

Tattha ākāratthena evaṃ saddena etamatthaṃ dīpeti – nānānayanipuṇaṃ anekajjhāsayasamuṭṭhānaṃ atthabyañjanasampannaṃ vividhapāṭihāriyaṃ dhammatthadesanāpaṭivedhagambhīraṃ sabbasattānaṃ sakasakabhāsānurūpato sotapathamāgacchantaṃ tassa bhagavato vacanaṃ sabbappakārena ko samattho viññātuṃ , sabbathāmena pana sotukāmataṃ janetvāpi evaṃ me sutaṃ , mayāpi ekenākārena sutanti .

Nidassanatthena ‘‘ nāhaṃ sayambhū , na mayā idaṃ sacchikatan ’’ ti attānaṃ parimocento ‘‘ evaṃ me sutaṃ , mayāpi evaṃ sutan ’’ ti idāni vattabbaṃ sakalaṃ suttaṃ nidasseti .

Avadhāraṇatthena ‘‘ etadaggaṃ , bhikkhave , mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ bahussutānaṃ yadidaṃ ānando , satimantānaṃ , gatimantānaṃ , dhitimantānaṃ , upaṭṭhākānaṃ yadidaṃ ānando ’’ ti ( a . ni .1.219,223) evaṃ bhagavatāP1.6 ,‘‘ āyasmā ānando atthakusalo dhammakusalo byañjanakusalo niruttikusalo pubbāparakusalo ’’ ti ( a . ni .5.169) evaṃ dhammasenāpatinā ca pasatthabhāvānurūpaṃ attano dhāraṇabalaṃ dassento sattānaṃ sotukāmataṃ janeti ‘‘ evaṃV1.6 me sutaṃ , tañca kho atthato vā byañjanato vā anūnamanadhikaṃ , evameva , na aññathā daṭṭhabban ’’ ti .

Me saddoM1.5 tīsu atthesu dissati .

Tathā hissa ‘‘ gāthābhigītaṃ me abhojaneyyan ’’ tiādīsu ( su . ni .81; saṃ . ni .1.194) mayāti attho .

‘‘ Sādhu me , bhante , bhagavā saṃkhittena dhammaṃ desetū ’’ tiādīsu ( saṃ . ni .4.88) mayhanti attho .

‘‘ Dhammadāyādā me , bhikkhave , bhavathā ’’ tiādīsu ( ma . ni .1.29) mamāti attho .

Idha pana ‘‘ mayā sutan ’’ ti ca ,‘‘ mama sutan ’’ ti ca atthadvaye yujjati .

Sutan ti ayaṃ suta saddo saupasaggo ca anupasaggo ca gamana-vissuta-kilinnaupacitānuyoga-sotaviññeyya-sotadvārānusāraviññātādianekatthappabhedo .

Tathā hissa –

‘‘ senāya pasuto ’’ tiādīsu gacchantoti attho .

‘‘ Sutadhammassa passato ’’ tiādīsu ( udā .11) vissutadhammassāti attho .

‘‘ Avassutā avassutassā ’’ tiādīsu ( pāci .657) kilinnākilinnassāti attho .

‘‘ Tumhehi puññaṃ pasutaṃ anappakan ’’ tiādīsu ( khu . pā .7-12) upacitanti attho .

‘‘ YeP1.7 jhānappasutā dhīrā ’’ tiādīsu ( dha . pa .181) jhānānuyuttāti attho .

‘‘ Diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutan ’’ tiādīsu ( ma . ni .1.241) sotaviññeyyanti attho .

‘‘ Sutadharo sutasannicayo ’’ tiādīsu ( ma . ni .1.339) sotadvārānusāraviññātadharoti attho .

Idha panassa sotadvārānusārena upadhāritanti vā upadhāraṇanti vāti attho .

Me-saddassa hi mayāti atthe sati ‘‘ evaṃ mayā sutaṃ sotadvārānusārena upadhāritan ’’ ti yujjati .

Mamāti atthe sati ‘‘ evaṃ mama sutaṃ sotadvārānusārena upadhāraṇan ’’ ti yujjati .

Evametesu tīsu padesu evan ti sotaviññāṇādiviññāṇakiccanidassanaṃ .

Meti vuttaviññāṇasamaṅgipuggalanidassanaṃ .

Sutan ti assavanabhāvapaṭikkhepato anūnādhikāviparītaggahaṇanidassanaṃ .

Tathā evan ti tassā sotadvārānusārena pavattāya viññāṇavīthiyā nānappakārena ārammaṇe pavattabhāvappakāsanaṃ .

Meti attappakāsanaṃ .

Sutan ti dhammappakāsanaṃ .

Ayañhettha saṅkhepo –

‘‘ nānappakārena ārammaṇe pavattāya viññāṇavīthiyā mayā na aññaṃ kataṃ , idaṃ pana kataṃ , ayaṃ dhammo suto ’’ ti .

TathāV1.7 evan ti niddisitabbappakāsanaṃ .

Meti puggalappakāsanaṃ .

Sutan ti puggalakiccappakāsanaṃ .

Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yaṃ suttaṃ niddisissāmi , taṃ mayā evaṃ sutanti .

TathāM1.6 evan ti yassa cittasantānassa nānākārappavattiyā nānatthabyañjanaggahaṇaṃ hoti , tassa nānākāraniddeso .

Evan ti hi ayaṃ ākārapaññatti .

Meti kattuniddeso .

Sutan ti visayaniddeso .

Ettāvatā nānākārappavattena cittasantānenaP1.8 taṃsamaṅgino kattu visaye gahaṇasanniṭṭhānaṃ kataṃ hoti .

Atha vā evan ti puggalakiccaniddeso .

Sutan ti viññāṇakiccaniddeso .

Meti ubhayakiccayuttapuggalaniddeso .

Ayaṃ panettha saṅkhepo – mayā savanakiccaviññāṇasamaṅginā puggalena viññāṇavasena laddhasavanakiccavohārena sutanti .

Tattha evan ti ca meti ca saccikaṭṭhaparamatthavasena avijjamānapaññatti .

Kiñhettha taṃ paramatthato atthi , yaṃ evanti vā meti vā niddesaṃ labhetha .

Sutan ti vijjamānapaññatti .

Yañhi taṃ ettha sotena upaladdhaṃ , taṃ paramatthato vijjamānanti .

Tathā evan ti ca meti ca taṃ taṃ upādāya vattabbato upādāpaññatti .

Sutan ti diṭṭhādīni upanidhāya vattabbato upanidhāpaññatti .

Ettha ca evan ti vacanena asammohaṃ dīpeti .

Na hi sammūḷho nānappakārapaṭivedhasamattho hoti .

Sutan ti vacanena sutassa asammosaṃ dīpeti .

Yassa hi sutaṃ sammuṭṭhaṃ hoti , na so kālantarena mayā sutanti paṭijānāti .

Iccassa asammohena paññāsiddhi , asammosena pana satisiddhi .

Tattha paññāpubbaṅgamāya satiyā byañjanāvadhāraṇasamatthatā , satipubbaṅgamāya paññāya atthapaṭivedhasamatthatā .

Tadubhayasamatthatāyogena atthabyañjanasampannassa dhammakosassa anupālanasamatthato dhammabhaṇḍāgārikattasiddhi .

Aparo nayo – evan ti vacanena yoniso manasikāraṃ dīpeti , ayoniso manasikaroto hi nānappakārapaṭivedhābhāvato .

Sutan ti vacanena avikkhepaṃ dīpeti , vikkhittacittassa savanābhāvato .

Tathā hi vikkhittacitto puggalo sabbasampattiyā vuccamānopi ‘‘ na mayā sutaṃV1.8 , puna bhaṇathā ’’ ti bhaṇati .

Yoniso manasikārena cettha attasammāpaṇidhiṃ pubbe ca katapuññataṃP1.9 sādheti sammā appaṇihitattassa pubbe akatapuññassa vā tadabhāvato .

Tathā avikkhepena saddhammassavanaṃ sappurisūpanissayañcaM1.7 sādheti .

Na hi vikkhittacitto sotuṃ sakkoti , na ca sappurise anupassayamānassa savanaṃ atthīti .

Aparo nayo – yasmā ‘‘ evan ti yassa cittasantānassa nānākārappavattiyā nānatthabyañjanaggahaṇaṃ hoti , tassa nānākāraniddeso ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

So ca evaṃ bhaddako ākāro na sammā appaṇihitattano pubbe akatapuññassa vā hoti , tasmā evan ti iminā bhaddakenākārena pacchimacakkadvayasampattimattano dīpeti .

Sutan ti savanayogena purimacakkadvayasampattiṃ .

Na hi appatirūpadese vasato sappurisūpanissayavirahitassa vā savanaṃ atthi .

Iccassa pacchimacakkadvayasiddhiyā āsayasuddhi siddhā hoti , purimacakkadvayasiddhiyā payogasuddhi .

Tāya ca āsayasuddhiyā adhigamabyattisiddhi , payogasuddhiyā āgamabyattisiddhi .

Iti payogāsayasuddhassa āgamādhigamasampannassa vacanaṃ aruṇuggaṃ viya sūriyassa udayato , yoniso manasikāro viya ca kusalakammassa , arahati bhagavato vacanassa pubbaṅgamaṃ bhavitunti ṭhāne nidānaṃ ṭhapento evaṃ me sutan tiādimāha .

Aparo nayo – evan ti iminā nānappakārapaṭivedhadīpakena vacanena attano atthapaṭibhānapaṭisambhidāsampattisabbhāvaṃ dīpeti .

Sutan ti iminā sotabbabhedapaṭivedhadīpakena vacanenaP1.10 dhammaniruttipaṭisambhidāsampattisabbhāvaṃ .

Evan ti ca idaṃ yoniso manasikāradīpakavacanaṃ bhāsamāno ‘‘ ete mayā dhammā manasā anupekkhitā diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā ’’ ti dīpeti .

Sutan ti idaṃ savanayogadīpakavacanaṃ bhāsamāno ‘‘ bahū mayā dhammā sutā dhātā vacasā paricitā ’’ ti dīpeti .

Tadubhayenapi atthabyañjanapāripūriṃ dīpento savane ādaraṃ janeti .

Atthabyañjanaparipuṇṇaṃ hi dhammaṃ ādarena assuṇanto mahatā hitā paribāhiro hotīti ādaraṃ janetvā sakkaccaṃ dhammo sotabboti .

Evaṃ me sutan ti iminā pana sakalena vacanena āyasmā ānando tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammaṃ attano adahanto asappurisabhūmiṃ atikkamati , sāvakattaṃ paṭijānanto sappurisabhūmiṃ okkamati .

Tathā asaddhammā cittaṃ vuṭṭhāpeti , saddhamme cittaṃ patiṭṭhāpeti .

‘‘ Kevalaṃ sutamevetaṃ mayāV1.9 , tasseva pana bhagavato vacanan ’’ ti dīpento attānaṃ parimocetiM1.8 , satthāraṃ apadisati , jinavacanaṃ appeti , dhammanettiṃ patiṭṭhāpeti .

Apica ‘‘ evaṃ me sutan ’’ ti attanā uppāditabhāvaṃ appaṭijānanto purimavacanaṃ vivaranto ‘‘ sammukhā paṭiggahitamidaṃ mayā tassa bhagavato catuvesārajjavisāradassa dasabaladharassa āsabhaṭṭhānaṭṭhāyino sīhanādanādino sabbasattuttamassa dhammissarassa dhammarājassa dhammādhipatino dhammadīpassa dhammasaraṇassa saddhammavaracakkavattino sammāsambuddhassa vacanaṃ , na ettha atthe vā dhamme vā pade vā byañjane vā kaṅkhā vā vimati vā kattabbā ’’ ti sabbadevamanussānaṃ imasmiṃ dhamme assaddhiyaṃ vināseti , saddhāsampadaṃ uppādeti .

Tenetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘ Vināsayati assaddhaṃ , saddhaṃ vaḍḍheti sāsane ;

Evaṃ me sutamiccevaṃ , vadaṃ gotamasāvako ’’ ti .

Ekan tiP1.11 gaṇanaparicchedaniddeso .

Samayan ti paricchinnaniddeso .

Ekaṃ samayan ti aniyamitaparidīpanaṃ .

Tattha samaya saddo –

‘‘ Samavāye khaṇe kāle , samūhe hetudiṭṭhisu ;

Paṭilābhe pahāne ca , paṭivedhe ca dissati ’’.

Tathā hissa ‘‘ appeva nāma svepi upasaṅkameyyāma kālañca samayañca upādāyā ’’ ti evamādīsu ( dī . ni .1.447) samavāyo attho .

‘‘ Ekova kho , bhikkhave , khaṇo ca samayo ca brahmacariyavāsāyā ’’ tiādīsu ( a . ni .8.29) khaṇo .

‘‘ Uṇhasamayo pariḷāhasamayo ’’ tiādīsu ( pāci .358) kālo .

‘‘ Mahāsamayo pavanasmin ’’ tiādīsu ( dī . ni .2.332) samūho .

‘‘ Samayopi kho te bhaddāli appaṭividdho ahosi , bhagavā kho sāvatthiyaṃ viharati , bhagavāpi maṃ jānissati ‘ bhaddāli nāma bhikkhu satthu sāsane sikkhāya aparipūrakārī ’ ti , ayampi kho te , bhaddāli , samayo appaṭividdho ahosī ’’ tiādīsu ( ma . ni .2.135) hetu .

‘‘ Tena kho pana samayena uggāhamāno paribbājakoV1.10 samaṇamuṇḍikāputto samayappavādake tindukācīre ekasālake mallikāya ārāme paṭivasatī ’’ tiādīsu ( ma . ni .2.260) diṭṭhi .

‘‘ DiṭṭheM1.9 dhamme ca yo attho , yo cattho samparāyiko ;

Atthābhisamayā dhīro , paṇḍitoti pavuccatī ’’ ti .

–

Ādīsu ( saṃ . ni .1.129) paṭilābho .

‘‘ Sammā mānābhisamayā antamakāsi dukkhassā ’’ tiādīsu ( ma . ni .1.28) pahānaṃ .

‘‘ DukkhassaP1.12 pīḷanaṭṭho saṅkhataṭṭho santāpaṭṭho vipariṇāmaṭṭho abhisamayaṭṭho ’’ tiādīsu ( paṭi . ma .2.8) paṭivedho .

Idha panassa kālo attho .

Tena saṃvacchara-utu-māsa-aḍḍhamāsa-ratti-diva-pubbaṇha-majjhanhika-sāyanha-paṭhama-majjhima- pacchimayāma-muhuttādīsu kālappabhedabhūtesu samayesu ekaṃ samayanti dīpeti .

Tattha kiñcāpi etesu saṃvaccharādīsu yaṃ yaṃ suttaṃ yamhi yamhi saṃvacchare utumhi māse pakkhe rattibhāge divasabhāge vā vuttaṃ , sabbaṃ taṃ therassa suviditaṃ suvavatthāpitaṃ paññāya .

Yasmā pana ‘‘ evaṃ me sutaṃ asukasaṃvacchare asukautumhi asukamāse asukapakkhe asukarattibhāge asukadivasabhāge vā ’’ ti evaṃ vutte na sakkā sukhena dhāretuṃ vā uddisituṃ vā uddisāpetuṃ vā , bahu ca vattabbaṃ hoti , tasmā ekeneva padena tamatthaṃ samodhānetvā ‘‘ ekaṃ samayan ’’ ti āha .

Ye vā ime gabbhokkantisamayo jātisamayo saṃvegasamayo abhinikkhamanasamayo dukkarakārikasamayo māravijayasamayo abhisambodhisamayo diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārasamayo desanāsamayo parinibbānasamayoti evamādayo bhagavato devamanussesu ativiya suppakāsā anekakālappabhedā eva samayā , tesu samayesu desanāsamayasaṅkhātaṃ ekaṃ samayanti dīpeti .

Yo cāyaṃ ñāṇakaruṇākiccasamayesu karuṇākiccasamayo , attahitaparahita-paṭipattisamayesu parahita-paṭipattisamayo , sannipatitānaṃ karaṇīyadvayasamayesu dhammikathāsamayo , desanāpaṭipattisamayesu desanāsamayo , tesupi samayesu aññataraṃ sandhāya ‘‘ ekaṃ samayan ’’ ti āha .

KasmāP1.13 panettha yathā abhidhamme ‘‘ yasmiṃ samaye kāmāvacaran ’’ ti ca , ito aññesu ca suttapadesuV1.11 ‘‘ yasmiṃ samaye , bhikkhave , bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehī ’’ ti ca bhummavacanena niddeso kato , vinaye ca ‘‘ tena samayena buddhoM1.10 bhagavā ’’ ti karaṇavacanena niddeso kato , tathā akatvā ‘‘ ekaṃ samayan ’’ ti upayogavacanena niddeso katoti .

Tattha tathā , idha ca aññathā atthasambhavato .

Tattha hi abhidhamme ito aññesu suttapadesu ca adhikaraṇattho bhāvenabhāvalakkhaṇattho ca sambhavati .

Adhikaraṇaṃ hi kālattho samūhattho ca samayo , tattha vuttānaṃ phassādidhammānaṃ khaṇasamavāyahetusaṅkhātassa ca samayassa bhāvena tesaṃ bhāvo lakkhīyati , tasmā tadatthajotanatthaṃ tattha bhummavacanena niddeso kato .

Vinaye ca hetuattho karaṇattho ca sambhavati .

Yo hi so sikkhāpadapaññattisamayo sāriputtādīhipi dubbiññeyyo , tena samayena hetubhūtena karaṇabhūtena ca sikkhāpadāni paññāpayanto sikkhāpadapaññattihetuñca apekkhamāno bhagavā tattha tattha vihāsi .

Tasmā tadatthajotanatthaṃ tattha karaṇavacanena niddeso kato .

Idha pana aññasmiñca evaṃjātike accantasaṃyogattho sambhavati .

Yañhi samayaṃ bhagavā imaṃ aññaṃ vā suttantaṃ desesi , accantameva taṃ samayaṃ karuṇāvihārena vihāsi .

Tasmā tadatthajotanatthaṃ idha upayogavacananiddeso katoti .

Tenetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘ Taṃ taṃ atthamapekkhitvā , bhummena karaṇena ca ;

Aññatra samayo vutto , upayogena so idhā ’’ ti .

Porāṇā pana vaṇṇayanti –

‘‘ tasmiṃ samaye ’’ ti vā ‘‘ tena samayenā ’’ ti vā ‘‘ ekaṃ samayan ’’ ti vā abhilāpamattabhedo esa , sabbattha bhummamevatthoti .

Tasmā ‘‘ ekaṃP1.14 samayan ’’ ti vuttepi ‘‘ ekasmiṃ samaye ’’ ti attho veditabbo .

Bhagavāti garu .

Garuñhi loke ‘‘ bhagavā ’’ ti vadanti .

Ayañca sabbaguṇavisiṭṭhatāya sabbasattānaṃ garu , tasmā ‘‘ bhagavā ’’ ti veditabbo .

Porāṇehipi vuttaṃ –

‘‘ BhagavātiV1.12 vacanaṃ seṭṭhaṃ , bhagavāti vacanamuttamaṃ ;

Garu gāravayutto so , bhagavā tena vuccatī ’’ ti .

ApicaM1.11 –

‘‘ Bhāgyavā bhaggavā yutto , bhagehi ca vibhattavā ;

Bhattavā vantagamano , bhavesu bhagavā tato ’’ ti .

–

Imissāpi gāthāya vasenassa padassa vitthārato attho veditabbo .

So ca visuddhimagge ( visuddhi .1.142,144) buddhānussatiniddese vuttoyeva .

Ettāvatā cettha evaṃ me sutan ti vacanena yathāsutaṃ dhammaṃ dassento bhagavato dhammasarīraṃ paccakkhaṃ karoti .

Tena ‘‘ na idaṃ atikkantasatthukaṃ pāvacanaṃ , ayaṃ vo satthā ’’ ti satthu adassanena ukkaṇṭhitaṃ janaṃ samassāseti .

Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavāti vacanena tasmiṃ samaye bhagavato avijjamānabhāvaṃ dassento rūpakāyaparinibbānaṃ sādheti .

Tena ‘‘ evaṃvidhassa nāma ariyadhammassa desako dasabaladharo vajirasaṅghātasamānakāyo sopi bhagavā parinibbuto , kena aññena jīvite āsā janetabbā ’’ ti jīvitamadamattaṃ janaṃ saṃvejeti , saddhamme cassa ussāhaṃ janeti .

Evan ti ca bhaṇanto desanāsampattiṃ niddisati .

Me sutan ti sāvakasampattiṃ .

Ekaṃ samayan ti kālasampattiṃ .

Bhagavāti desakasampattiṃ .

Sāvatthiyan tiP1.15 evaṃnāmake nagare .

Samīpatthe cetaṃ bhummavacanaṃ .

Viharatīti avisesena iriyāpathadibbabrahmaariyavihāresu aññataravihārasamaṅgiparidīpanametaṃ .

Idha pana ṭhānagamananisajjāsayanappabhedesu iriyāpathesu aññatarairiyāpathasamāyogaparidīpanaṃ , tena ṭhitopi gacchantopi nisinnopi sayānopi bhagavā viharaticceva veditabbo .

So hi ekaṃ iriyāpathabādhanaṃ aññena iriyāpathena vicchinditvā aparipatantaṃ attabhāvaṃ harati pavatteti , tasmā ‘‘ viharatī ’’ ti vuccati .

Jetavaneti jetassa rājakumārassa vane .

Tañhi tena ropitaṃ saṃvaḍḍhitaṃ paripālitaṃ , so cassaV1.13 sāmī ahosi , tasmā jetavananti saṅkhaṃ gataṃ , tasmiṃ jetavane .

Anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāmeti anāthapiṇḍikena gahapatinā catupaññāsahiraññakoṭipariccāgena buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa niyyātitattā anāthapiṇḍikassāti saṅkhaṃ gate ārāmeM1.12 .

Ayamettha saṅkhepo , vitthāro pana papañcasūdaniyā majjhimaṭṭhakathāya sabbāsavasuttavaṇṇanāyaṃ ( ma . ni . aṭṭha .1.14 ādayo ) vutto .

Tattha siyā – yadi tāva bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati ,‘‘ jetavane ’’ ti na vattabbaṃ .

Atha tattha viharati ,‘‘ sāvatthiyan ’’ ti na vattabbaṃ .

Na hi sakkā ubhayattha ekaṃ samayaṃ viharitunti .

Na kho panetaṃ evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ .

Nanu avocumha ‘‘ samīpatthe bhummavacanan ’’ ti .

Tasmā yathā gaṅgāyamunādīnaṃ samīpe goyūthāni carantāni ‘‘ gaṅgāya caranti , yamunāya carantī ’’ ti vuccanti , evamidhāpi yadidaṃ sāvatthiyā samīpe jetavanaṃ , tattha viharanto vuccati ‘‘ sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane ’’ ti .

Gocaragāmanidassanatthaṃ hissa sāvatthivacanaṃ , pabbajitānurūpanivāsanaṭṭhānanidassanatthaṃ sesavacanaṃ .

TatthaP1.16 sāvatthivacanena āyasmā ānando bhagavato gahaṭṭhānuggahakaraṇaṃ dasseti , jetavanādikittanena pabbajitānuggahakaraṇaṃ .

Tathā purimena paccayaggahaṇato attakilamathānuyogavivajjanaṃ , pacchimena vatthukāmappahānato kāmasukhallikānuyogavivajjanūpāyadassanaṃ .

Purimena ca dhammadesanābhiyogaṃ , pacchimena vivekādhimuttiṃ .

Purimena karuṇāya upagamanaṃ , pacchimena paññāya apagamanaṃ .

Purimena sattānaṃ hitasukhanipphādanādhimuttitaṃ , pacchimena parahitasukhakaraṇe nirupalepataṃ .

Purimena dhammikasukhāpariccāganimittaphāsuvihāraṃ , pacchimena uttarimanussadhammānuyoganimittaṃ .

Purimena manussānaṃ upakārabahulataṃ , pacchimena devatānaṃ .

Purimena loke jātassa loke saṃvaḍḍhabhāvaṃ , pacchimena lokena anupalittataṃ .

Purimena ‘‘ ekapuggalo , bhikkhave , loke uppajjamāno uppajjati bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ .

Katamo ekapuggalo ?

Tathāgato arahaṃ sammāsambuddho ’’ ti ( a . ni .1.170) vacanato yadatthaṃ bhagavā uppanno , tadatthaparinipphādanaṃ , pacchimena yattha uppanno , tadanurūpavihāraṃ .

Bhagavā hi paṭhamaṃ lumbinivane , dutiyaṃ bodhimaṇḍeti lokiyalokuttarāya uppattiyā vaneyeva uppanno .

Tenassa vaneyeva vihāraṃ dassetīti evamādinā nayenettha atthayojanā veditabbā .

TatrātiV1.14 desakālaparidīpanaṃ .

Tañhi yaṃ samayaṃ viharati , tatra samaye .

Yasmiñca ārāme viharati , tatra ārāmeti dīpeti .

BhāsitabbayutteM1.13 vā desakāle dīpeti .

Na hi bhagavā ayutte dese vā kāle vā dhammaṃ bhāsati .

‘‘ Akālo kho tāva , bāhiyā ’’ tiādi ( udā .10) cettha sādhakaṃ .

KhotiP1.17 padapūraṇamatte avadhāraṇe ādikālatthe vā nipāto .

Bhagavāti lokagarudīpanaṃ .

Bhikkhūti kathāsavanayuttapuggalavacanaṃ .

Api cettha ‘‘ bhikkhakoti bhikkhu , bhikkhācariyaṃ ajjhupagatoti bhikkhū ’’ tiādinā ( pārā .45; vibha .511) nayena vacanattho veditabbo .

Āmantesīti ālapi abhāsi sambodhesīti ayamettha attho .

Aññatra pana ñāpanepi hoti .

Yathāha –

‘‘ āmantayāmi vo , bhikkhave , paṭivedayāmi vo , bhikkhave ’’ ti .

Pakkosanepi .

Yathāha –

‘‘ ehi tvaṃ , bhikkhu , mama vacanena sāriputtaṃ āmantehī ’’ ti ( a . ni .9.11; saṃ . ni .2.32).

Bhikkhavoti āmantanākāraparidīpanaṃ .

Tañca bhikkhanasīlatādiguṇayogasiddhattā vuttaṃ .

Bhikkhanasīlatāguṇayuttopi hi bhikkhu , bhikkhanadhammatāguṇayuttopi bhikkhu , bhikkhane sādhukāritāguṇayuttopīti saddavidū maññanti .

Tena ca nesaṃ bhikkhanasīlatādiguṇayogasiddhena vacanena hīnādhikajanasevitaṃ vuttiṃ pakāsento uddhatadīnabhāvaniggahaṃ karoti .

Bhikkhavoti iminā karuṇāvipphārasommahadayanayananipātapubbaṅgamena vacanena te attano mukhābhimukhe karoti .

Teneva ca kathetukamyatādīpakena vacanena tesaṃ sotukamyataṃ janeti .

Teneva ca sambodhanatthena sādhukaṃ savanamanasikārepi te niyojeti .

Sādhukaṃ savanamanasikārāyattā hi sāsanasampatti .

Aparesupi devamanussesu vijjamānesu kasmā bhikkhūyevaP1.18 āmantesīti ce ?

Jeṭṭhaseṭṭhāsannasadāsannihitabhāvato .

Sabbaparisasādhāraṇā hi bhagavato dhammadesanā .

Parisāya ca jeṭṭhā bhikkhū paṭhamuppannattā , seṭṭhā anagāriyabhāvaṃ ādiṃ katvā satthucariyānuvidhāyakattā sakalasāsanapaṭiggāhakattā ca .

Āsannā te tattha nisinnesu satthusantikattā .

Sadāsannihitā satthusantikāvacarattāti .

Apica te dhammadesanāya bhājanaṃ yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipattisabbhāvatotipi te eva āmantesi .

KimatthaṃM1.14 pana bhagavā dhammaṃ desento paṭhamaṃ bhikkhū āmantesi , na dhammameva desesīti ?

Satijananatthaṃ .

Bhikkhū hi aññaṃ cintentāpi vikkhittacittāpi dhammaṃ paccavekkhantāpi kammaṭṭhānaṃV1.15 manasikarontāpi nisinnā honti , te anāmantetvā dhamme desiyamāne ‘‘ ayaṃ desanā kiṃnidānā kiṃpaccayā katamāya aṭṭhuppattiyā desitā ’’ ti sallakkhetuṃ asakkontā duggahitaṃ vā gaṇheyyuṃ , na vā gaṇheyyuṃ .

Tena nesaṃ satijananatthaṃ bhagavā paṭhamaṃ āmantetvā pacchā dhammaṃ deseti .

Bhadanteti gāravavacanametaṃ , satthu paṭivacanadānaṃ vā .

Api cettha ‘‘ bhikkhavo ’’ ti vadamāno bhagavā te bhikkhū ālapati .

‘‘ Bhadante ’’ ti vadamānā te bhagavantaṃ paccālapanti .

Tathā ‘‘ bhikkhavo ’’ ti bhagavā ādimhi bhāsati ,‘‘ bhadante ’’ ti te paccābhāsanti .

‘‘ Bhikkhavo ’’ ti paṭivacanaṃ dāpeti ,‘‘ bhadante ’’ ti paṭivacanaṃ denti .

Te bhikkhūti ye bhagavā āmantesi , te .

Bhagavato paccassosun ti bhagavato āmantanaṃ paṭiassosuṃ , abhimukhā hutvā suṇiṃsu sampaṭicchiṃsu paṭiggahesunti attho .

BhagavāP1.19 etadavocāti bhagavā etaṃ idāni vattabbaṃ sakalaṃ suttaṃ avoca .

Ettāvatā ca yaṃ āyasmatā ānandena imassa suttassa sukhāvagāhaṇatthaṃ kāladesadesakaparisāpadesapaṭimaṇḍitaṃ nidānaṃ bhāsitaṃ , tassa atthavaṇṇanā samattāti .

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