Nidānagāthāvaṇṇanā

EvaṃM1.5 paricchinnaparimāṇāsu panetāsu theragāthā ādi .

Tatthāpi –

‘‘ Sīhānaṃva nadantānaṃ , dāṭhīnaṃ girigabbhare ;

Suṇātha bhāvitattānaṃ , gāthā atthūpanāyikā ’’ ti .

Ayaṃ paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikāle āyasmatā ānandena tesaṃ therānaṃ thomanatthaṃ bhāsitā gāthā ādi .

Tattha sīhānan ti sīhasaddo ‘‘ sīho , bhikkhave , migarājā ’’ tiādīsu ( a . ni .4.33) migarāje āgato .

‘‘ Atha kho sīho senāpati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamī ’’ tiādīsu ( a . ni .5.34) paññattiyaṃ .

‘‘ Sīhoti kho , bhikkhave , tathāgatassetaṃV1.5 adhivacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassā ’’ tiādīsu ( a . ni .5.99;10.21) tathāgate .

Tattha yathā tathāgate sadisakappanāya āgato , evaṃ idhāpi sadisakappanāvaseneva veditabbo , tasmā sīhānaṃvāti sīhānaṃ iva .

Sandhivasena saralopo ‘‘ evaṃsa te ’’ tiādīsu ( ma . ni .1.22) viya .

Tattha ivāti nipātapadaṃ .

Suṇāthāti ākhyātapadaṃ .

Itarāni nāmapadāni .

Sīhānaṃvāti ca sambandhe sāmivacanaṃ .

Kāmañcettha sambandhī sarūpato na vutto , atthatoP1.5 pana vuttova hoti .

Yathā hi ‘‘ oṭṭhasseva mukhaṃ etassā ’’ ti vutte oṭṭhassa mukhaṃ viya mukhaṃ etassāti ayamattho vutto eva hoti , evamidhāpi ‘‘ sīhānaṃvā ’’ ti vutte sīhānaṃ nādo viyāti ayamattho vutto eva hoti .

Tattha mukhasaddasannidhānaṃ hotīti ce , idhāpi ‘‘ nadantānan ’’ ti padasannidhānato , tasmā sīhānaṃvāti nidassanavacanaṃ .

Nadantānan ti tassa nidassitabbena sambandhadassanaṃ .

Dāṭhīnan ti tabbisesanaṃ .

Girigabbhareti tassa pavattiṭṭhānadassanaṃ .

Suṇāthāti savane niyojanaṃ .

Bhāvitattānan ti sotabbassa pabhavadassanaṃ .

Gāthāti sotabbavatthudassanaṃ .

Atthupanāyikāti tabbisesanaṃ .

Kāmañcettha ‘‘ sīhānaṃ nadantānaṃ dāṭhīnan ’’ ti pulliṅgavasena āgataṃ , liṅgaṃ pana parivattetvā ‘‘ sīhīnan ’’ tiādinā itthiliṅgavasenāpi attho veditabbo .

Ekasesavasena vā sīhā ca sīhiyo ca sīhā , tesaṃ sīhānantiādināM1.6 sādhāraṇā hetā tisso nidānagāthā theragāthānaṃ therīgāthānañcāti .

Tattha sahanato hananato ca sīho .

Yathā hi sīhassa migarañño balavisesayogato sarabhamigamattavaravāraṇāditopi parissayo nāma natthi , vātātapādiparissayampi so sahatiyeva , gocarāya pakkamantopi tejussadatāya mattagandhahatthivanamahiṃsādike samāgantvā abhīrū achambhī abhibhavati , abhibhavanto ca te aññadatthu hantvā tattha mudumaṃsāni bhakkhayitvā sukheneva viharati , evametepi mahātherā ariyabalavisesayogena sabbesampi parissayānaṃ sahanato , rāgādisaṃkilesabalassa abhibhavitvā hananato pajahanato tejussadabhāvena kutocipi abhīrū achambhī jhānādisukhena viharantīti sahanato hananato ca sīhā viyāti sīhā .

Saddatthato pana yathā kantanatthena ādiantavipallāsato takkaṃ vuccati , evaṃ hiṃsanaṭṭhena sīho veditabbo .

Tathā sahanaṭṭhena .

Pisodarādipakkhepena niruttinayena panaP1.6 vuccamāne vattabbameva natthi .

Atha vā yathā migarājā kesarasīho attano tejussadatāya ekacārī viharati , na kañci sahāyaṃ paccāsīsati , evametepi tejussadatāya vivekābhiratiyā ca ekacārinoti ekacariyaṭṭhenapi sīhā viyāti sīhā , tenāha – bhagavā ‘‘ sīhaṃvekacaraṃ nāgan ’’ ti ( saṃ . ni .1.30; su . ni .168).

AthaV1.6 vā asantāsanajavaparakkamādivisesayogato sīhā viyāti sīhā , ete mahātherā .

Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā –

‘‘ Dveme , bhikkhave , asaniyā phalantiyā na santasanti , katameva dve ?

Bhikkhu ca khīṇāsavo sīho ca migarājā ’’ ti ( a . ni .2.60).

Javopi sīhassa aññehi asādhāraṇo , tathā parakkamo .

Tathā hi so usabhasatampi laṅghitvā vanamahiṃsādīsu nipatati , potakopi samāno pabhinnamadānampi mattavaravāraṇānaṃ paṭimānaṃ bhinditvāM1.7 dantakaḷīraṃva khādati .

Etesaṃ pana ariyamaggajavo iddhijavo ca aññehi asādhāraṇo , sammappadhānaparakkamo ca niratisayo .

Tasmā sīhānaṃvāti sīhasadisānaṃ viya .

Sīhassa cettha hīnūpamatā daṭṭhabbā , accantavisiṭṭhassa sahanādiatthassa theresveva labbhanato .

Nadantānan ti gajjantānaṃ .

Gocaraparakkamatuṭṭhivelādīsu hi yathā sīhā attano āsayato nikkhamitvā vijambhitvā sīhanādaṃ abhītanādaṃ nadanti , evaṃ etepi visayajjhattapaccavekkhaṇaudānādikālesu imaṃ abhītanādaṃ nadiṃsu .

Tena vuttaṃ –

‘‘ sīhānaṃva nadantānan ’’ ti .

Dāṭhīnan ti dāṭhāvantānaṃ .

Pasaṭṭhadāṭhīnaṃ , atisayadāṭhānanti vā attho .

Yathā hi sīhā ativiya daḷhānaṃ tikkhānañca catunnaṃ dāṭhānaṃ balena paṭipakkhaṃ abhibhavitvā attano manorathaṃ matthakaṃ pūrenti , evametepi catunnaṃ ariyamaggadāṭhānaṃ balena anādimati saṃsāre anabhibhūtapubbapaṭipakkhaṃP1.7 abhibhavitvā attano manorathaṃ matthakaṃ pāpesuṃ .

Idhāpi dāṭhā viyāti dāṭhāti sadisakappanāvaseneva attho veditabbo .

Girigabbhareti pabbataguhāyaṃ , samīpatthe bhummavacanaṃ .

‘‘ Girigavhare ’’ ti keci paṭhanti .

Pabbatesu vanagahane vanasaṇḍeti attho .

Idaṃ pana nesaṃ virocanaṭṭhānadassanañceva sīhanādassa yogyabhūmidassanañca .

Nadantānaṃ girigabbhareti yojanā .

Yathā hi sīhā yebhuyyena girigabbhare aññehi durāsadatāya janavivitte vasantā attano dassanena uppajjanakassa khuddakamigasantāsassa pariharaṇatthaṃ gocaragamane sīhanādaṃ nadanti , evametepi aññehi durāsadagirigabbharasadiseva suññāgārevasantā guṇehi khuddakānaṃ puthujjanānaṃ taṇhādiṭṭhiparittāsaparivajjanatthaṃ vakkhamānagāthāsaṅkhātaṃ abhītanādaṃ nadiṃsu .

Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘ sīhānaṃva nadantānaṃ , dāṭhīnaṃ girigabbhare ’’ ti .

SuṇāthātiV1.7 savanāṇattikavacanaṃ , tena vakkhamānānaṃ gāthānaṃ sannipatitāya parisāya sotukāmataṃ uppādento savane ādaraṃ janeti , ussāhaṃ samuṭṭhāpento gāravaṃ bahumānañca upaṭṭhapeti .

Atha vā ‘‘ sīhānan ’’ tiādīnaṃM1.8 padānaṃ sadisakappanāya vinā mukhyavaseneva attho veditabbo .

Tasmā daḷhatikkhabhāvena pasaṭṭhātisayadāṭhatāya dāṭhīnaṃ girigabbhare nadantānaṃ sīhagajjitaṃ gajjantānaṃ sīhānaṃ migarājūnaṃ viya tesaṃ abhītanādasadisā gāthā suṇāthāti attho .

Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti –

‘‘ yathā sīhanādaṃ nadantānaṃ sīhānaṃ migarājūnaṃ kutocipi bhayābhāvato so abhītanādo tadaññamigasantāsakaro , evaṃ bhāvitattānaṃ appamattānaṃ therānaṃ sīhanādasadisiyo sabbaso bhayahetūnaṃ suppahīnattā abhītanādabhūtā , pamattajanasantāsakarā gāthā suṇāthā ’’ ti .

Bhāvitattānan ti bhāvitacittānaṃ .

Cittañhi ‘‘ attā hi kira duddamo ( dha . pa .159) yo ve ṭhitatto tasaraṃva ujjū ’’ ti ( su . ni .217) ca ‘‘ attasammāpaṇidhī ’’ tiP1.8 ( khu . pā .5.4; su . ni .263) ca evamādīsu attāti vuccati , tasmā adhicittānuyogena samathavipassanābhivaḍḍhitacittānaṃ samathavipassanābhāvanāmatthakaṃ pāpetvā ṭhitānanti attho .

Atha vā bhāvitattānan ti bhāvitasabhāvānaṃ , sabhāvabhūtasīlādibhāvitānanti attho .

Gīyatīti gāthā , anuṭṭhubhādivasena isīhi pavattitaṃ catuppadaṃ chappadaṃ vā vacanaṃ .

Aññesampi taṃsadisatāya tathā vuccanti .

Attatthādibhede atthe upanenti tesu vā upaniyyantīti atthūpanāyikā .

Atha vā bhāvitattānan ti bhāvitattābhāvānaṃ , attabhāvo hi āhito ahaṃ māno etthāti ‘‘ attā ’’ ti vuccati , so ca tehi appamādabhāvanāya anavajjabhāvanāya bhāvito sammadeva guṇagandhaṃ gāhāpito .

Tena tesaṃ kāyabhāvanā sīlabhāvanā cittabhāvanā paññābhāvanāti catunnampi bhāvanānaṃ paripuṇṇabhāvaṃ dasseti .

‘‘ Bhāvanā ’’ ti ca sambodhipaṭipadā idhādhippetā .

Yāyaṃ saccasambodhi atthi , sā duvidhā abhisamayato tadatthato ca .

Sambodhi pana tividhā sammāsambodhi paccekasambodhi sāvakasambodhīti .

Tattha sammā sāmaṃ sabbadhammānaṃ bujjhanato bodhanato ca sammāsambodhi .

Sabbaññutaññāṇapadaṭṭhānaṃ maggañāṇaṃ maggañāṇapadaṭṭhānañca sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ ‘‘ sammāsambodhī ’’ ti vuccati .

Tenāha –

‘‘ BuddhotiM1.9 yo so bhagavā sayambhū anācariyako pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu sāmaṃ saccāni abhisambujjhi , tattha ca sabbaññutaṃ patto balesu ca vasībhāvan ’’ ti ( mahāni .192; cūḷani . pārāyanatthutigāthāniddesa 97; paṭi . ma .1.161).

BodhaneyyabodhanatthoV1.8 hi balesu vasībhāvo .

Paccekaṃ sayameva bodhīti paccekasambodhi , ananubuddho sayambhūñāṇena saccābhisamayoti attho .

Sammāsambuddhānañhi sayambhūñāṇatāya sayameva pavattamānopi saccābhisamayo sānubuddho aparimāṇānaṃ sattānaṃ saccābhisamayassa hetubhāvato .

Imesaṃ pana so ekassāpi sattassa saccābhisamayahetu na hoti .

Satthu dhammadesanāya savanante jātāti sāvakā .

Sāvakānaṃ saccābhisamayo sāvakasambodhi .

TividhāpesāP1.9 tiṇṇaṃ bodhisattānaṃ yathāsakaṃ āgamanīyapaṭipadāya matthakappattiyā satipaṭṭhānādīnaṃ sattatiṃsāya bodhipakkhiyadhammānaṃ bhāvanāpāripūrīti veditabbā itarābhisamayānaṃ tadavinābhāvato .

Na hi sacchikiriyābhisamayena vinā bhāvanābhisamayo sambhavati , sati ca bhāvanābhisamaye pahānābhisamayo pariññābhisamayo ca siddhoyeva hotīti .

Yadā hi mahābodhisatto paripūritabodhisambhāro carimabhave katapubbakicco bodhimaṇḍaṃ āruyha –

‘‘ na tāvimaṃ pallaṅkaṃ bhindissāmi , yāva na me anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimuccissatī ’’ ti paṭiññaṃ katvā aparājitapallaṅke nisinno asampattāya eva sañjhāvelāya mārabalaṃ vidhamitvā purimayāme pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇena anekākāravokāre pubbe nivutthakkhandhe anussaritvā majjhimayāme dibbacakkhuvisodhanena cutūpapātañāṇaanāgataṃsañāṇāni adhigantvā pacchimayāme ‘‘ kicchaṃ vatāyaṃ loko āpanno jāyati ca jīyati ca mīyati ca cavati ca upapajjati ca , atha ca panimassa dukkhassa nissaraṇaṃ nappajānāti jarāmaraṇassā ’’ tiādinā ( dī . ni .2.57) jarāmaraṇato paṭṭhāya paṭiccasamuppādamukhena vipassanaṃ abhinivisitvā mahāgahanaṃ chindituṃ nisadasilāyaṃ pharasuṃ nisento viya kilesagahanaṃ chindituṃ lokanātho ñāṇapharasuṃ tejento buddhabhāvāya hetusampattiyāM1.10 paripākaṃ gatattā sabbaññutaññāṇādhigamāya vipassanaṃ gabbhaṃ gaṇhāpento antarantarā nānāsamāpattiyo samāpajjitvā yathāvavatthāpite nāmarūpe tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā anupadadhammavipassanāvasena anekākāravokārasaṅkhāre sammasanto chattiṃsakoṭisatasahassamukhena sammasanavāraṃ vitthāretvā tattha mahāvajirañāṇasaṅkhāte vipassanāñāṇe tikkhe sūre pasanne vuṭṭhānagāminibhāvena pavattamāne yadā taṃ maggena ghaṭeti , tadā maggapaṭipāṭiyā diyaḍḍhakilesasahassaṃ khepento aggamaggakkhaṇe sammāsambodhiṃ adhigacchati nāma , aggaphalakkhaṇato paṭṭhāyaP1.10 adhigato nāma .

Sammāsambuddhabhāvato dasabalacatuvesārajjādayopi tassa tadā hatthagatāyeva hontīti ayaṃ tāva abhisamayato sammāsambodhipaṭipadā .

Tadatthato pana mahābhinīhārato paṭṭhāya yāva tusitabhavane nibbatti , etthantare pavattaṃ bodhisambhārasambharaṇaṃ .

Tattha yaṃ vattabbaṃ , taṃ sabbākārasampannaṃ cariyāpiṭakavaṇṇanāyaṃ vitthārato vuttamevāti tattha vuttanayeneva gahetabbaṃ .

PaccekabodhisattāpiV1.9 paccekabodhiyā katābhinīhārā anupubbena sambhatapaccekasambodhisambhārā tādise kāle carimattabhāve ṭhitā ñāṇassa paripākagatabhāvena upaṭṭhitaṃ saṃveganimittaṃ gahetvā savisesaṃ bhavādīsu ādīnavaṃ disvā sayambhūñāṇena pavatti pavattihetuṃ nivatti nivattihetuñca paricchinditvā ‘‘ so ‘ idaṃ dukkhan ’ ti yoniso manasi karotī ’’ tiādinā āgatanayena catusaccakammaṭṭhānaṃ paribrūhentā attano abhinīhārānurūpaṃ saṅkhāre parimaddantā anukkamena vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā maggapaṭipāṭiyā aggamaggaṃ adhigacchantā paccekasambodhiṃ abhisambujjhanti nāma , aggaphalakkhaṇato paṭṭhāya paccekasambuddhā nāma hutvā sadevakassa lokassa aggadakkhiṇeyyā honti .

Sāvakā pana satthu sabrahmacārino vā catusaccakammaṭṭhānakathaṃ sutvā tasmiṃyeva khaṇe kālantare vā tajjaṃ paṭipattiṃ anutiṭṭhantā ghaṭentā vāyamantā vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā , yadi vā paṭipadāya vaḍḍhantiyā , saccāni paṭivijjhantāM1.11 attano abhinīhārānurūpasiddhiaggasāvakabhūmiyā vā kevalaṃ vā aggamaggakkhaṇe sāvakasambodhiṃ adhigacchanti nāma .

Tato paraṃ sāvakabuddhā nāma honti sadevake loke aggadakkhiṇeyyā .

Evaṃ tāva abhisamayato paccekasambodhi sāvakasambodhi ca veditabbā .

Tadatthato pana yathā mahābodhisattānaṃ heṭṭhimaparicchedena cattāri asaṅkhyeyyāni kappānaṃ satasahassañca bodhisambhārasambharaṇaṃ icchitabbaṃ majjhimaparicchedena aṭṭhaP1.11 asaṅkhyeyyāni kappānaṃ satasahassañca , uparimaparicchedena soḷasa asaṅkhyeyyāni kappānaṃ satasahassañca ete ca bhedā paññādhikasaddhādhikavīriyādhikavasena veditabbā .

Paññādhikānañhi saddhā mandā hoti paññā tikkhā , tato ca upāyakosallassa visadanipuṇabhāvena nacirasseva pāramiyo pāripūriṃ gacchanti .

Saddhādhikānaṃ paññā majjhimā hotīti tesaṃ nātisīghaṃ nātisaṇikaṃ pāramiyo pāripūriṃ gacchanti .

Vīriyādhikānaṃ pana paññā mandā hotīti tesaṃ cireneva pāramiyo pāripūriṃ gacchanti .

Na evaṃ paccekabodhisattānaṃ .

Tesañhi satipi paññādhikabhāve dve asaṅkhyeyyāni kappānaṃ satasahassañca bodhisambhārasambharaṇaṃ icchitabbaṃ , na tato oraṃ .

Saddhādhikavīriyādhikāpi vuttaparicchedato paraṃ katipaye eva kappe atikkamitvā paccekasambodhiṃ abhisambujjhanti , na tatiyaṃ asaṅkhyeyyanti .

Sāvakabodhisattānaṃ pana yesaṃ aggasāvakabhāvāya abhinīhāro , tesaṃ ekaṃ asaṅkhyeyyaṃ kappānaṃ satasahassañca sambhārasambharaṇaṃ icchitabbaṃ .

Yesaṃ mahāsāvakabhāvāya , tesaṃ kappānaṃ satasahassameva , tathā buddhassa mātāpitūnaṃ upaṭṭhākassa puttassa ca .

Tattha yathā –

‘‘ ManussattaṃV1.10 liṅgasampatti , hetu satthāradassanaṃ ;

Pabbajjā guṇasampatti , adhikāro ca chandatā ;

Aṭṭhadhammasamohānā , abhinīhāro samijjhatī ’’ ti .( bu . vaṃ .2.59)–

Evaṃ vutte aṭṭha dhamme samodhānetvā katapaṇidhānānaṃ mahābodhisattānaṃ mahābhinīhārato pabhuti savisesaṃ dānādīsu yuttappayuttānaṃ divase divase vessantaradānasadisaṃ mahādānaṃ dentānaṃ tadanurūpasīlādike sabbapāramidhamme ācinantānampi yathāvuttakālaparicchedaṃ asampatvā antarā evaM1.12 buddhabhāvappatti nāma natthi .

Kasmā ?

Ñāṇassa aparipaccanato .

Paricchinnakāle nipphāditaṃ viya hi sassaṃ buddhañāṇaṃ yathāparicchinnakālavaseneva vuddhiṃ viruḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjantaṃP1.12 gabbhaṃ gaṇhantaṃ paripākaṃ gacchatīti evaṃ –

‘‘ Manussattaṃ liṅgasampatti , vigatāsavadassanaṃ ;

Adhikāro chandatā ete , abhinīhārakāraṇā ’’ ti .( su . ni . aṭṭha .1. khaggavisāṇasuttavaṇṇanā )–

Ime pañca dhamme samodhānetvā katābhinīhārānaṃ paccekabodhisattānaṃ ‘‘ adhikāro chandatā ’’ ti dvaṅgasamannāgatāya patthanāya vasena katapaṇidhānānaṃ sāvakabodhisattānañca tattha tattha vuttakālaparicchedaṃ asampatvā antarā eva paccekasambodhiyā yathāvuttasāvakasambodhiyā ca adhigamo natthi .

Kasmā ?

Ñāṇassa aparipaccanato .

Imesampi hi yathā mahābodhisattānaṃ dānādipāramīhi paribrūhitā paññāpāramī anukkamena gabbhaṃ gaṇhantī paripākaṃ gacchantī buddhañāṇaṃ paripūreti , evaṃ dānādīhi paribrūhitā anupubbena yathārahaṃ gabbhaṃ gaṇhantī paripākaṃ gacchantī paccekabodhiñāṇaṃ sāvakabodhiñāṇañca paripūreti .

Dānaparicayena hete tattha tattha bhave alobhajjhāsayatāya sabbattha asaṅgamānasā anapekkhacittā hutvā , sīlaparicayena susaṃvutakāyavācatāya suparisuddhakāyavacīkammantā parisuddhājīvā indriyesu guttadvārā bhojane mattaññuno hutvā jāgariyānuyogena cittaṃ samādahanti , svāyaṃ tesaṃ jāgariyānuyogo gatapaccāgatikavattavasena veditabbo .

Evaṃ pana paṭipajjantānaṃ adhikārasampattiyā appakasireneva aṭṭha samāpattiyo pañcābhiññā chaḷabhiññā adhiṭṭhānabhūtā pubbabhāgavipassanā ca hatthagatāyeva honti .

Vīriyādayo pana tadantogadhā eva .

Yañhi paccekabodhiyā sāvakabodhiyā vā atthāya dānādipuññasambharaṇe abbhussahanaṃ , idaṃ vīriyaṃ .

Yaṃ tadanuparodhassa sahanaṃ , ayaṃ khanti .

Yaṃ dānasīlādisamādānāvisaṃvādanaṃ , idaṃ saccaṃ .

Sabbatthameva acalasamādhānādhiṭṭhānaṃ , idaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṃV1.11 .

Yā dānasīlādīnaṃ pavattiṭṭhānabhūtesu sattesu hitesitā , ayaṃ mettā .

Yaṃ sattānaṃ katavippakāresu ajjhupekkhanaṃ , ayaṃM1.13 upekkhāti .

EvaṃP1.13 dānasīlabhāvanāsu sīlasamādhipaññāsu ca sijjhamānāsu vīriyādayo siddhā eva honti .

Sāyeva paccekabodhiatthāya sāvakabodhiatthāya ca dānādipaṭipadā tesaṃ bodhisattānaṃ santānassa bhāvanato paribhāvanato bhāvanā nāma .

Visesato dānasīlādīhi svābhisaṅkhate santāne pavattā samathavipassanāpaṭipadā , yato te bodhisattā pubbayogāvacarasamudāgamasampannā honti .

Tenāha bhagavā –

‘‘ Pañcime , ānanda , ānisaṃsā pubbayogāvacare .

Katame pañca ?

Idhānanda , pubbayogāvacaro diṭṭheva dhamme paṭikacca aññaṃ ārādheti , no ce diṭṭheva dhamme paṭikacca aññaṃ ārādheti , atha maraṇakāle aññaṃ ārādheti , atha devaputto samāno aññaṃ ārādheti , atha buddhānaṃ sammukhībhāve khippābhiñño hoti , atha pacchime kāle paccekasambuddho hotī ’’ ti ( su . ni . aṭṭha .1. khaggavisāṇasuttavaṇṇanā ).

Iti pubbabhāgapaṭipadābhūtāya pāramitāparibhāvitāya samathavipassanābhāvanāya nirodhagāminipaṭipadābhūtāya abhisamayasaṅkhātāya maggabhāvanāya ca bhāvitattabhāvā buddhapaccekabuddhabuddhasāvakā bhāvitattā nāma .

Tesu idha buddhasāvakā adhippetā .

Ettha ca ‘‘ sīhānaṃvā ’’ ti iminā therānaṃ sīhasamānavuttitādassanena attano paṭipakkhehi anabhibhavanīyataṃ , te ca abhibhuyya pavattiṃ dasseti .

‘‘ Sīhānaṃva nadantānaṃ … pe … gāthā ’’ ti iminā theragāthānaṃ sīhanādasadisatādassanena tāsaṃ paravādehi anabhibhavanīyataṃ , te ca abhibhavitvā pavattiṃ dasseti .

‘‘ Bhāvitattānan ’’ ti iminā tadubhayassa kāraṇaṃ vibhāveti .

Bhāvitattabhāvena therā idha sīhasadisā vuttā , tesañca gāthā sīhanādasadisiyo .

‘‘ Atthūpanāyikā ’’ ti iminā abhibhavane payojanaṃ dasseti .

Tattha therānaṃ paṭipakkho nāma saṃkilesadhammo , tadabhibhavo tadaṅgivikkhambhanappahānehi saddhiṃ samucchedappahānaṃ .

Tasmiṃ sati paṭipassaddhīppahānaṃ nissaraṇappahānañca siddhameva hoti , yato te bhāvitattātiM1.14 vuccanti .

Maggakkhaṇe hi ariyā appamādabhāvanaṃ bhāventi nāma , aggaphalakkhaṇato paṭṭhāya bhāvitattā nāmātiP1.14 vuttovāyamattho .

Tesu tadaṅgappahānena nesaṃ sīlasampadā dassitā , vikkhambhanappahānena samādhisampadā , samucchedappahānena paññāsampadā , itarena tāsaṃ phalaṃ dassitaṃ .

Sīlena ca tesaṃ paṭipattiyā ādikalyāṇatāV1.12 dassitā ,‘‘ ko cādi kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ?

Sīlañca suvisuddhaṃ ’’( saṃ . ni .5.369),‘‘ sīle patiṭṭhāya ’’( saṃ . ni .1.23; visuddhi .1.1),‘‘ sabbapāpassa akaraṇan ’’ ti ( dha . pa .183; dī . ni .2.90) ca vacanato sīlaṃ paṭipattiyā ādikalyāṇaṃva avippaṭisārādiguṇāvahattā .

Samādhinā majjhekalyāṇatā dassitā ,‘‘ cittaṃ bhāvayaṃ ’’,‘‘ kusalassa upasampadā ’’ ti ca vacanato samādhipaṭipattiyā majjhekalyāṇova , iddhividhādiguṇāvahattā .

Paññāya pariyosānakalyāṇatā dassitā ,‘‘ sacittapariyodapanaṃ ’’( dha . pa .183; dī . ni .2.90),‘‘ paññaṃ bhāvayan ’’ ti ( saṃ . ni .1.23; visuddhi .1.1) ca vacanato paññā paṭipattiyā pariyosānaṃva , paññuttarato kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ sāva kalyāṇā iṭṭhāniṭṭhesu tādibhāvāvahattā .

‘‘ Selo yathā ekaghano , vātena na samīrati ;( Mahāva .244);

Evaṃ nindāpasaṃsāsu , na samiñjanti paṇḍitā ’’ ti .( dha . pa .81)–

Hi vuttaṃ .

Tathā sīlasampadāya tevijjabhāvo dassito .

Sīlasampattiñhi nissāya tisso vijjā pāpuṇanti .

Samādhisampadāya chaḷabhiññābhāvo .

Samādhisampattiñhi nissāya chaḷabhiññā pāpuṇanti .

Paññāsampadāya pabhinnapaṭisambhidābhāvo .

Paññāsampadañhi nissāya catasso paṭisambhidā pāpuṇanti .

Iminā tesaṃ therānaṃ keci tevijjā , keci chaḷabhiññā , keci paṭisambhidāpattāti ayamattho dassitoti veditabbaṃ .

Tathā sīlasampadāya tesaṃ kāmasukhānuyogasaṅkhātassa antassa parivajjanaṃ dasseti .

Samādhisampadāya attakilamathānuyogasaṅkhātassa , paññāsampadāya majjhimāya paṭipadāya sevanaṃ dasseti .

Tathā sīlasampadāya tesaṃ vītikkamappahānaṃ kilesānaṃ dasseti .

Samādhisampadāya pariyuṭṭhānappahānaṃM1.15 , paññāsampadāya anusayappahānaṃ dasseti .

Sīlasampadāya vā duccaritasaṃkilesavisodhanaṃ , samādhisampadāyaP1.15 taṇhāsaṃkilesavisodhanaṃ , paññāsampadāya diṭṭhisaṃkilesavisodhanaṃ dasseti .

Tadaṅgappahānena vā nesaṃ apāyasamatikkamo dassito .

Vikkhambhanappahānena kāmadhātusamatikkamo , samucchedappahānena sabbabhavasamatikkamo dassitoti veditabbaṃ .

‘‘ Bhāvitattānan ’’ ti vā ettha sīlabhāvanā , cittabhāvanā paññābhāvanāti tisso bhāvanā veditabbā kāyabhāvanāya tadantogadhattā .

Sīlabhāvanā ca paṭipattiyā ādīti sabbaṃ purimasadisaṃV1.13 .

Yathā pana sīhanādaṃ pare migagaṇā na sahanti , kuto abhibhave , aññadatthu sīhanādova te abhibhavati evameva aññatitthiyavādā therānaṃ vāde na sahanti , kuto abhibhave , aññadatthu theravādāva te abhibhavanti .

Taṃ kissa hetu ?

‘‘ Sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā , sabbe saṅkhārā dukkhā , sabbe dhammā anattā ’’ ti ( dha . pa .277-279)‘‘ nibbānadhātū ’’ ti ca pavattanato .

Na hi dhammato sakkā kenaci aññathā kātuṃ appaṭivattanīyato .

Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ , taṃ parato āvibhavissati .

Evamettha saṅkhepeneva paṭhamagāthāya atthavibhāvanā veditabbā .

Dutiyagāthāyaṃ pana ayaṃ sambandhadassanamukhena atthavibhāvanā .

Tattha yesaṃ therānaṃ gāthā sāvetukāmo , te sādhāraṇavasena nāmato gottato guṇato ca kittetuṃ ‘‘ yathānāmā ’’ tiādi vuttaṃ .

Asādhāraṇato pana tattha tattha gāthāsveva āvibhavissati .

Tattha yathānāmāti yaṃyaṃnāmā , subhūti mahākoṭṭhikotiādinā nayena nāmadheyyena paññātāti attho .

Yathāgottāti yaṃyaṃgottā , gotamo kassapotiādinā nayena kulapadesena yāya yāya jātiyā paññātāti attho .

Yathādhammavihārinoti yādisadhammavihārino , pariyattiparamatāyaṃ aṭṭhatvā yathānurūpaṃ samāpattivihārino hutvā vihariṃsūti attho .

Atha vā yathādhammavihārinoti yathādhammā vihārino ca , yādisasīlādidhammā dibbavihārādīsu abhiṇhasoM1.16 viharamānā yādisavihārā cāti attho .

Yathādhimuttāti yādisaadhimuttikā saddhādhimuttipaññādhimuttīsu yaṃyaṃadhimuttikā suññatamukhādīsu vā yathā yathā nibbānaṃ adhimuttāti yathādhimuttā .

‘‘ NibbānaṃP1.16 adhimuttānaṃ , atthaṃ gacchanti āsavā ’’ ti ( dha . pa .226) hi vuttaṃ .

Ubhayañcetaṃ pubbabhāgavasena veditabbaṃ .

Arahattappattito pubbeyeva hi yathāvuttamadhimuccanaṃ , na parato .

Tenāha bhagavā –

‘‘ Assaddho akataññū ca , sandhicchedo ca yo naro ’’ tiādi .( dha . pa .97).

‘‘ Yathāvimuttā ’’ ti vā pāṭho , paññāvimuttiubhatobhāgavimuttīsu yaṃyaṃvimuttikāti attho .

Sappaññāti tihetukapaṭisandhipaññāya pārihārikapaññāya bhāvanāpaññāya cāti tividhāyapi paññāya paññavanto .

Vihariṃsūti tāya eva sappaññatāya yathāladdhena phāsuvihāreneva vasiṃsu .

Atanditāti analasā , attahitapaṭipattiyaṃ yathābalaṃ parahitapaṭipattiyañca uṭṭhānavantoti attho .

Ettha ca pana nāmagottaggahaṇena tesaṃ therānaṃ pakāsapaññātabhāvaṃ dasseti .

Dhammavihāraggahaṇena sīlasampadaṃ samādhisampadañca dasseti .

‘‘ Yathādhimuttā sappaññā ’’ ti iminā paññāsampadaṃV1.14 .

‘‘ Atanditā ’’ ti iminā sīlasampadādīnaṃ kāraṇabhūtaṃ vīriyasampadaṃ dasseti .

‘‘ Yathānāmā ’’ ti iminā tesaṃ pakāsananāmataṃ dasseti .

‘‘ Yathāgottā ’’ ti iminā saddhānusārīdhammānusārīgottasampattisamudāgamaṃ ,‘‘ yathādhammavihārino ’’ tiādinā sīlasamādhipaññāvimuttivimuttiñāṇadassanaṃ sampattisamudāgamaṃ ,‘‘ atanditā ’’ ti iminā evaṃ attahitasampattiyaṃ ṭhitānaṃ parahitapaṭipattiṃ dasseti .

Atha vā ‘‘ yathānāmā ’’ ti idaṃ tesaṃ therānaṃ garūhi gahitanāmadheyyadassanaṃ samaññāmattakittanato .

‘‘ Yathāgottā ’’ ti idaṃ kulaputtabhāvadassanaṃ kulāpadesa kittanato .

Tena nesaṃ saddhāpabbajitabhāvaṃ dassetiM1.17 .

‘‘ Yathādhammavihārino ’’ ti idaṃ caraṇasampattidassanaṃ sīlasaṃvarādīhi samaṅgībhāvadīpanatoP1.17 .

‘‘ Yathādhimuttā sappaññā ’’ ti idaṃ nesaṃ vijjāsampattidassanaṃ āsavakkhayapariyosānāya ñāṇasampattiyā adhigamaparidīpanato .

‘‘ Atanditā ’’ ti idaṃ vijjācaraṇasampattīnaṃ adhigamūpāyadassanaṃ .

‘‘ Yathānāmā ’’ ti vā iminā tesaṃ pakāsananāmataṃyeva dasseti .

‘‘ Yathāgottā ’’ ti pana iminā pacchimacakkadvayasampattiṃ dasseti .

Na hi sammāappaṇihitattano pubbe ca akatapuññassa saddhānusārīdhammānusārino gottasampattisamudāgamo sambhavati .

‘‘ Yathādhammavihārino ’’ ti iminā tesaṃ purimacakkadvayasampattiṃ dasseti .

Na hi appatirūpe dese vasato sappurisūpanissayarahitassa ca tādisā guṇavisesā sambhavanti .

‘‘ Yathādhimuttā ’’ ti iminā saddhammasavanasampadāsamāyogaṃ dasseti .

Na hi paratoghosena vinā sāvakānaṃ saccasampaṭivedho sambhavati .

‘‘ Sappaññā atanditā ’’ ti iminā yathāvuttassa guṇavisesassa abyabhicārihetuṃ dasseti ñāyārambhadassanato .

Aparo nayo –

‘‘ yathāgottā ’’ ti ettha gottakittanena tesaṃ therānaṃ yonisomanasikārasampadaṃ dasseti yathāvuttagottasampannassa yonisomanasikārasambhavato .

‘‘ Yathādhammavihārino ’’ ti ettha dhammavihāraggahaṇena saddhammasavanasampadaṃ dasseti saddhammasavanena vinā tadabhāvato .

‘‘ Yathādhimuttā ’’ ti iminā matthakappattaṃ dhammānudhammapaṭipadaṃ dasseti .

‘‘ Sappaññā ’’ ti iminā sabbattha sampajānakāritaṃ .

‘‘ Atanditā ’’ ti iminā vuttanayena attahitasampattiṃ paripūretvā ṭhitānaṃ paresaṃ hitasukhāvahāya paṭipattiyaṃ akilāsubhāvaṃ dasseti .

Tathā ‘‘ yathāgottā ’’ ti iminā nesaṃ saraṇagamanasampadā dassitā saddhānusārīgottakittanato .

‘‘ Yathādhammavihārino ’’ ti iminā sīlakkhandhapubbaṅgamo samādhikkhandho dassito .

‘‘ Yathādhimuttā sappaññā ’’ ti iminā paññakkhandhādayo .

Saraṇagamanañca sāvakaguṇānaṃ ādi , samādhi majjhe , paññā pariyosānanti ādimajjhapariyosānadassanena sabbepiP1.18 sāvakaguṇā dassitā honti .

ĪdisīV1.15 pana guṇavibhūti yāya sammāpaṭipattiyā tehi adhigatā , taṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘ tattha tattha vipassitvā ’’ tiādi vuttaṃ .

Tattha tatthāti tesu tesuM1.18 araññarukkhamūlapabbatādīsu vivittasenāsanesu .

Tattha tatthāti vā tasmiṃ tasmiṃ udānādikāle .

Vipassitvāti sampassitvā .

Nāmarūpavavatthāpanapaccayapariggahehi diṭṭhivisuddhikaṅkhāvitaraṇavisuddhiyo sampādetvā kalāpasammasanādikkamena pañcamaṃ visuddhiṃ adhigantvā paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhiyā matthakaṃ pāpanavasena vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā phusitvāti patvā sacchikatvā .

Accutaṃ padan ti nibbānaṃ .

Tañhi sayaṃ acavanadhammattā adhigatānaṃ accutihetubhāvato ca natthi ettha cutīti ‘‘ accutaṃ ’’.

Saṅkhatadhammehi asammissabhāvatāya tadatthikehi paṭipajjitabbatāya ca ‘‘ padan ’’ ti ca vuccati .

Katantan ti katassa antaṃ .

Yo hi tehi adhigato ariyamaggo , so attano paccayehi uppāditattā kato nāma .

Tassa pana pariyosānabhūtaṃ phalaṃ katantoti adhippetaṃ .

Taṃ katantaṃ aggaphalaṃ .

Atha vā paccayehi katattā nipphāditattā katā nāma saṅkhatadhammā , tannissaraṇabhāvato katanto nibbānaṃ .

Taṃ katantaṃ .

Paccavekkhantāti ‘‘ adhigataṃ vata mayā ariyamaggādhigamena idaṃ ariyaphalaṃ , adhigatā asaṅkhatā dhātū ’’ ti ariyaphalanibbānāni vimuttiñāṇadassanena paṭipattiṃ avekkhamānā .

Atha vā saccasampaṭivedhavasena yaṃ ariyena karaṇīyaṃ pariññādisoḷasavidhaṃ kiccaṃ aggaphale ṭhitena nipphāditattā pariyosāpitattā kataṃ nāma , evaṃ kataṃ taṃ paccavekkhantā .

Etena pahīnakilesapaccavekkhaṇaṃ dassitaṃ .

Purimanayena pana itarapaccavekkhaṇānīti ekūnavīsati paccavekkhaṇāni dassitāni honti .

Imamatthan ti ettha iman ti sakalo theratherīgāthānaṃ attho attano itaresañca tattha sannipatitānaṃ dhammasaṅgāhakamahātherānaṃ buddhiyaṃ viparivattamānatāya āsanno paccakkhoti ca katvā vuttaṃ .

Atthan ti ‘‘ channā me kuṭikā ’’ tiādīhiP1.19 gāthāhi vuccamānaṃ attūpanāyikaṃ parūpanāyikaṃ lokiyalokuttarapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ atthaṃ .

Abhāsisun ti gāthābandhavasena kathesuṃ , taṃdīpaniyo idāni mayā vuccamānā tesaṃ bhāvitattānaṃ gāthā attūpanāyikā suṇāthāti yojanā .

Te ca mahātherā evaṃ kathentāM1.19 attano sammāpaṭipattipakāsanīhi gāthāhi sāsanassa ekantaniyyānikavibhāvanena parepi tattha sammāpaṭipattiyaṃ niyojentīti etamatthaṃ dīpeti āyasmā dhammabhaṇḍāgāriko , tathā dīpento ca imāhi gāthāhi tesaṃ thomanaṃ tāsañca tesaṃ vacanassa nidānabhāvena ṭhapanaṃ ṭhānagatamevāti dassetīti daṭṭhabbaṃ .

Nidānagāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .

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