‘‘ Tayo satipaṭṭhānā yadariyo sevati , yadariyo sevamāno satthā gaṇaṃ anusāsitumarahatī ’’ ti ( ma . ni .3.304,311) ettha tidhā paṭipannesu sāvakesu satthuno paṭighānunayavītivattatā satipaṭṭhānanti vuttā .Tassattho – paṭṭhapetabbato paṭṭhānaṃ , pavattayitabbatoti attho .Kena paṭṭhapetabbatoti ?Satiyā ;satiyā paṭṭhānaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ .‘‘ Cattāro satipaṭṭhānā bhāvitā bahulīkatā satta bojjhaṅge paripūrentī ’’ tiādīsu ( ma . ni .3.147) pana satiyeva satipaṭṭhānanti vuccati .Tassattho – patiṭṭhātīti paṭṭhānaṃ , upaṭṭhāti okkanditvā pakkhanditvā pavattatīti attho ;satiyeva paṭṭhānaṭṭhena satipaṭṭhānaṃ ;athavā saraṇaṭṭhena sati , upaṭṭhānaṭṭhenaP0.215 paṭṭhānaṃ .Iti sati ca sā paṭṭhānañcātipi satipaṭṭhānaṃ .IdamidhaV0.206 adhippetaṃ .Yadi evaṃ , kasmā satipaṭṭhānāti bahuvacanaṃ katanti ?Satiyā bahuttā ;ārammaṇabhedena hi bahukā tā satiyoti .
P0.215 paṭṭhānaṃ .V0.206 adhippetaṃ .Kasmā
M0.205 pana bhagavatā cattārova satipaṭṭhānā vuttā , anūnā anadhikāti ?Veneyyahitattā .
Taṇhācaritadiṭṭhicaritasamathayānikavipassanāyānikesu hi mandatikkhavasena dvidhā pavattesu mandassa taṇhācaritassa oḷārikaṃ kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ visuddhimaggo , tikkhassa sukhumaṃ vedanānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ .
Diṭṭhicaritassapi mandassa nātippabhedagataṃ cittānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ visuddhimaggo , tikkhassa atippabhedagataṃ dhammānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ .
Samathayānikassa ca mandassa akicchena adhigantabbanimittaṃ paṭhamaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ visuddhimaggo , tikkhassa oḷārikārammaṇe asaṇṭhahanato dutiyaṃ .
Vipassanāyānikassāpi mandassa nātippabhedagatārammaṇaṃ tatiyaṃ , tikkhassa atippabhedagatārammaṇaṃ catutthaṃ .
Iti cattārova vuttā , anūnā anadhikāti .
Subhasukhaniccaattabhāvavipallāsappahānatthaṃ vā .
Kāyo hi asubho .
Tattha subhavipallāsavipallatthā sattā .
Tesaṃ tattha asubhabhāvadassanena tassa vipallāsassa pahānatthaṃ paṭhamaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ vuttaṃ .
Sukhaṃ , niccaṃ , attāti gahitesupi ca vedanādīsu vedanā dukkhā , cittaṃ aniccaṃ , dhammā anattā .
Etesu ca sukhaniccaattabhāvavipallāsavipallatthā sattā .
Tesaṃ tattha dukkhādibhāvadassanena tesaṃ vipallāsānaṃ pahānatthaṃ sesāni tīṇi vuttānīti .
Evaṃ subhasukhaniccaattabhāvavipallāsappahānatthaṃ vā cattārova vuttā anūnā anadhikāti veditabbā .
Na kevalañca vipallāsapahānatthameva , atha kho caturoghayogāsavaganthaupādānaagatippahānatthampi catubbidhāhārapariññatthañca cattārova vuttāti veditabbā .
Ayaṃ tāva pakaraṇanayo .
Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana ‘‘ saraṇavasena ceva ekattasamosaraṇavasena ca ekameva satipaṭṭhānaṃ ārammaṇavasena cattāroti etadeva vuttaṃ .
Yathā
P0.216 hi catudvāre nagare pācīnato āgacchantā pācīnadisāya uṭṭhānakaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ gahetvā pācīnadvārena nagarameva pavisanti , dakkhiṇato , pacchimato , uttarato āgacchantā uttaradisāya uṭṭhānakaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ gahetvā uttaradvārena nagarameva pavisanti , evaṃ sampadamidaṃ veditabbaṃ .Nagaraṃ viya hi nibbānamahānagaraṃ , dvāraṃ viya aṭṭhaṅgiko lokuttaramaggo .
Pācīnadisādayo viya kāyādayo .
Yathā
V0.207 pācīnato āgacchantā pācīnadisāya uṭṭhānakaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ gahetvā pācīnadvārena nagarameva pavisanti , evaṃ kāyānupassanāmukhena āgacchantāM0.206 cuddasavidhena kāyānupassanaṃ bhāvetvā kāyānupassanābhāvanānubhāvanibbattena ariyamaggena ekaṃ nibbānameva osaranti .Yathā dakkhiṇato āgacchantā dakkhiṇadisāya uṭṭhānakaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ gahetvā dakkhiṇadvārena nagarameva pavisanti , evaṃ vedanānupassanāmukhena āgacchantā navavidhena vedanānupassanaṃ bhāvetvā vedanānupassanābhāvanānubhāvanibbattena ariyamaggena ekaṃ nibbānameva osaranti .
Yathā pacchimato āgacchantā pacchimadisāya uṭṭhānakaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ gahetvā pacchimadvārena nagarameva pavisanti , evaṃ cittānupassanāmukhena āgacchantā soḷasavidhena cittānupassanaṃ bhāvetvā cittānupassanābhāvanānubhāvanibbattena ariyamaggena ekaṃ nibbānameva osaranti .
Yathā uttarato āgacchantā uttaradisāya uṭṭhānakaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ gahetvā uttaradvārena nagarameva pavisanti , evaṃ dhammānupassanāmukhena āgacchantā pañcavidhena dhammānupassanaṃ bhāvetvā dhammānupassanābhāvanānubhāvanibbattena ariyamaggena ekaṃ nibbānameva osarantīti .
Evaṃ saraṇavasena ceva ekattasamosaraṇavasena ca ekameva satipaṭṭhānaṃ ārammaṇavasena cattāroti vuttāti veditabbā .
Idha bhikkhūti ettha kiñcāpi bhagavatā devaloke nisīditvā ayaṃ satipaṭṭhānavibhaṅgo kathito , ekabhikkhupi tattha bhagavato santike nisinnako nāma natthi .
Evaṃ santepi yasmā ime cattāro satipaṭṭhāne bhikkhū bhāventi , bhikkhugocarā hi ete , tasmā idha bhikkhūti ālapati .
Kiṃ panete satipaṭṭhāne bhikkhūyeva bhāventi , na bhikkhunīādayoti ?
Bhikkhunīādayopi
P0.217 bhāventi .Bhikkhū pana aggaparisā .
Iti aggaparisattā idha bhikkhūti ālapati .
Paṭipattiyā vā bhikkhubhāvadassanato evamāha .
Yo hi imaṃ paṭipattiṃ paṭipajjati , so bhikkhu nāma hoti .
Paṭipannako hi devo vā hotu manusso vā , bhikkhūti saṅkhaṃ gacchatiyeva .
Yathāha –
‘‘ Alaṅkato cepi samañcareyya ,
Santo danto niyato brahmacārī ;
Sabbesu bhūtesu nidhāya daṇḍaṃ ,
So brāhmaṇo so samaṇo sa bhikkhū ’’ ti .( dha . pa .142);