1. Suttantabhājanīyavaṇṇanā
154. Idāni
P0.45M0.42V0.42 tadanantare āyatanavibhaṅganiddese suttantabhājanīyaṃ tāva dassento dvādasāyatanāni cakkhāyatanaṃ rūpāyatanan tiādimāha .Tattha pāḷimuttakena tāva nayena –
Atthalakkhaṇatāvatva , kamasaṅkhepavitthārā ;
Tathā daṭṭhabbato ceva , viññātabbo vinicchayo .
Tattha visesato tāva cakkhatīti cakkhu ;
rūpaṃ assādeti , vibhāveti cāti attho .
Rūpayatīti rūpaṃ ;
vaṇṇavikāraṃ āpajjamānaṃ hadayaṅgatabhāvaṃ pakāsetīti attho .
Suṇātīti sotaṃ .
Sappatīti saddo ;
udāhariyatīti attho .
Ghāyatīti ghānaṃ .
Gandhayatīti gandho ;
attano vatthuṃ sūcayatīti attho .
Jīvitaṃ avhāyatīti jivhā .
Rasanti taṃ sattāti raso ;
assādentīti attho .
Kucchitānaṃ sāsavadhammānaṃ āyoti kāyo .
Āyoti uppattideso .
Phusīyatīti phoṭṭhabbaṃ .
Manatīti mano .
Attano lakkhaṇaṃ dhārayantīti dhammā .
Avisesato pana āyatanato , āyānaṃ tananato , āyatassa ca nayanato āyatananti veditabbaṃ .
Cakkhurūpādīsu hi taṃtaṃdvārārammaṇā cittacetasikā dhammā sena sena anubhavanādinā kiccena āyatanti uṭṭhahanti ghaṭṭenti vāyamantīti vuttaṃ hoti .
Te ca pana āyabhūte dhamme etāni tanonti vitthārentīti vuttaṃ hoti .
Idañca anamatagge saṃsāre pavattaṃ atīva āyataṃ saṃsāradukkhaṃ yāva na nivattati tāva nayanteva , pavattayantīti vuttaṃ hoti .
Iti
V0.43 sabbepi me dhammā āyatanato āyānaṃ tananato āyatassa ca nayanato ‘ āyatanaṃ āyatanan ’ ti vuccanti .Apica nivāsaṭṭhānaṭṭhena , ākaraṭṭhena , samosaraṇaṭṭhānaṭṭhena
P0.46 , sañjātidesaṭṭhena , kāraṇaṭṭhena ca āyatanaṃ veditabbaṃ .Tathā hi loke ‘‘ issarāyatanaṃ vāsudevāyatanan ’’ tiādīsu nivāsaṭṭhānaṃ āyatananti vuccati
M0.43 .‘‘ Suvaṇṇāyatanaṃ rajatāyatanan ’’ tiādīsu ākaro .
Sāsane pana ‘‘ manorame āyatane sevanti naṃ vihaṅgamā ’’ tiādīsu ( a . ni .5.38) samosaraṇaṭṭhānaṃ .
‘‘ Dakkhiṇāpatho gunnaṃ āyatanan ’’ tiādīsu sañjātideso .
‘‘ Tatra tatreva sakkhibhabbataṃ pāpuṇāti sati satiāyatane ’’ tiādīsu ( a . ni .5.23) kāraṇaṃ .
Cakkhurūpādīsu cāpi te te cittacetasikā dhammā nivasanti tadāyattavuttitāyāti cakkhādayo nesaṃ nivāsanaṭṭhānaṃ .
Cakkhādīsu ca te ākiṇṇā taṃ nissitattā tadārammaṇattā cāti cakkhādayo nesaṃ ākaro .
Cakkhādayo ca nesaṃ samosaraṇaṭṭhānaṃ , tattha tattha vatthudvārārammaṇavasena samosaraṇato .
Cakkhādayo ca nesaṃ sañjātideso ;
taṃ nissayārammaṇabhāvena tattheva uppattito .
Cakkhādayo ca nesaṃ kāraṇaṃ , tesaṃ abhāve abhāvatoti .
Iti nivāsaṭṭhānaṭṭhena , ākaraṭṭhena , samosaraṇaṭṭhānaṭṭhena , sañjātidesaṭṭhena , kāraṇaṭṭhenāti imehi kāraṇehi ete dhammā ‘ āyatanaṃ āyatanan ’ ti vuccanti .
Tasmā yathāvuttenatthena cakkhu ca taṃ āyatanañcāti cakkhāyatanaṃ … pe … dhammā ca te āyatanañcāti dhammāyatanan ti evaṃ tāvettha ‘ atthato ’ viññātabbo vinicchayo .
‘ Lakkhaṇato ’ ti cakkhādīnaṃ lakkhaṇatopettha viññātabbo vinicchayo .
Tāni ca pana nesaṃ lakkhaṇāni heṭṭhā rūpakaṇḍaniddese vuttanayeneva veditabbāni .
‘ Tāvatvato ’ ti tāvabhāvato .
Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – cakkhādayopi hi dhammā eva .
Evaṃ sati dhammāyatanamicceva avatvā kasmā dvādasāyatanāni vuttānīti ce ?
Cha viññāṇakāyuppattidvārārammaṇavavatthānato .
Idha channaṃ viññāṇakāyānaṃ dvārabhāvena ārammaṇabhāvena ca vavatthānato ayameva tesaṃ bhedo hotīti dvādasa vuttāni .
Cakkhuviññāṇavīthipariyāpannassa hi viññāṇakāyassa cakkhāyatanameva uppattidvāraṃ , rūpāyatanameva cārammaṇaṃ
P0.47V0.44 .Tathā itarāni itaresaṃ .
Chaṭṭhassa pana bhavaṅgamanasaṅkhāto manāyatanekadesova uppattidvāraṃ , asādhāraṇañca dhammāyatanaṃ ārammaṇanti
M0.44 .Iti channaṃ viññāṇakāyānaṃ uppattidvārārammaṇavavatthānato dvādasa vuttānīti .
Evamettha ‘ tāvatvato ’ viññātabbo vinicchayo .
‘ Kamato ’ ti idhāpi pubbe vuttesu uppattikkamādīsu desanākkamova yujjati .
Ajjhattikesu hi āyatanesu sanidassanasappaṭighavisayattā cakkhāyatanaṃ pākaṭanti paṭhamaṃ desitaṃ .
Tato anidassanasappaṭighavisayāni sotāyatanādīni .
Atha vā dassanānuttariyasavanānuttariyahetubhāvena bahūpakārattā ajjhattikesu cakkhāyatanasotāyatanāni paṭhamaṃ desitāni .
Tato ghānāyatanādīni tīṇi .
Pañcannampi gocaravisayattā ante manāyatanaṃ .
Cakkhādīnaṃ pana gocarattā tassa tassa anantarāni bāhiresu rūpāyatanādīni .
Apica viññāṇuppattikāraṇavavatthānatopi ayameva tesaṃ kamo veditabbo .
Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘ cakkhuñca paṭicca rūpe ca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇaṃ … pe … manañca paṭicca dhamme ca uppajjati manoviññāṇan ’’ ti ( ma . ni .3.421) evaṃ ‘ kamato ’ pettha viññātabbo vinicchayo .
‘ Saṅkhepavitthārā ’ ti saṅkhepato hi manāyatanassa ceva dhammāyatanekadesassa ca nāmena , tadavasesānañca āyatanānaṃ rūpena saṅgahitattā dvādasāpi āyatanāni nāmarūpamattameva honti .
Vitthārato pana ajjhattikesu tāva cakkhāyatanaṃ jātivasena cakkhupasādamattameva , paccayagatinikāyapuggalabhedato pana anantappabhedaṃ .
Tathā sotāyatanādīni cattāri .
Manāyatanaṃ tebhūmakakusalākusalavipākakiriyaviññāṇabhedena ekāsītippabhedaṃ , vatthupaṭipadādibhedato pana anantappabhedaṃ .
Rūpagandharasāyatanāni samuṭṭhānabhedato catuppabhedāni , saddāyatanaṃ dvippabhedaṃ .
Sabhāgavisabhāgabhedato pana sabbānipi anantappabhedāni .
Phoṭṭhabbāyatanaṃ pathavīdhātutejodhātuvāyodhātuvasena tippabhedaṃ , samuṭṭhānato catuppabhedaṃ , sabhāgavisabhāgato anekappabhedaṃ .
Dhammāyatanaṃ tebhūmakadhammārammaṇavasena anekappabhedanti .
Evaṃ saṅkhepavitthārā viññātabbo vinicchayo .
‘ Daṭṭhabbato ’ ti
P0.48 ettha pana sabbānevetāni āyatanāni anāgamanato aniggamanato ca daṭṭhabbāni .Na hi tāni pubbe udayā kutoci āgacchanti , nāpi uddhaṃ vayā kuhiñci gacchanti ;
atha kho pubbe udayā appaṭiladdhasabhāvāni , uddhaṃ
M0.45 vayā paribhinnasabhāvāni , pubbantāparantavemajjheV0.45 paccayāyattavuttitāya avasāni pavattanti .Tasmā anāgamanato aniggamanato ca daṭṭhabbāni .
Tathā nirīhato abyāpārato ca .
Na hi cakkhurūpādīnaṃ evaṃ hoti –
‘ aho vata amhākaṃ sāmaggiyā viññāṇaṃ nāma uppajjeyyā ’ ti , na ca tāni viññāṇuppādanatthaṃ dvārabhāvena vatthubhāvena ārammaṇabhāvena vā īhanti , na byāpāramāpajjanti ;
atha kho dhammatāvesā yaṃ cakkhurūpādīnaṃ sāmaggiyaṃ cakkhuviññāṇādīni sambhavanti .
Tasmā nirīhato abyāpārato ca daṭṭhabbāni .
Apica ajjhattikāni suññagāmo viya daṭṭhabbāni dhuvasubhasukhattabhāvavirahitattā , bāhirāni gāmaghātakacorā viya ajjhattikānaṃ abhighātakattā .
Vuttañhetaṃ –
‘‘ cakkhu , bhikkhave , haññati manāpāmanāpehi rūpehīti vitthāro .
Apica ajjhattikāni cha pāṇakā viya daṭṭhabbāni , bāhirāni tesaṃ gocarā viyāti .
Evampettha ‘ daṭṭhabbato ’ viññātabbo vinicchayoti .
Idāni tesaṃ vipassitabbākāraṃ dassetuṃ cakkhuṃ aniccan tiādi āraddhaṃ .
Tattha cakkhu tāva hutvā abhāvaṭṭhena aniccan ti veditabbaṃ .
Aparehipi catūhi kāraṇehi aniccaṃ – uppādavayavantato , vipariṇāmato , tāvakālikato , niccapaṭikkhepatoti .
Tadeva paṭipīḷanaṭṭhena dukkhaṃ .
Yasmā vā etaṃ uppannaṃ ṭhitiṃ pāpuṇāti , ṭhitiyaṃ jarāya kilamati , jaraṃ patvā avassaṃ bhijjati ;
tasmā abhiṇhasampaṭipīḷanato , dukkhamato , dukkhavatthuto , sukhapaṭikkhepatoti imehi catūhi kāraṇehi dukkhaṃ .
Avasavattanaṭṭhena pana anattā .
Yasmā vā etaṃ uppannaṃ ṭhitiṃ mā pāpuṇātu , ṭhānappattaṃ mā jiratu , jarappataṃ mā bhijjatūti imesu tīsu ṭhānesu kassaci vasavattibhāvo natthi , suññaṃ tena vasavattanākārena ;
tasmā suññato , assāmikato , akāmakāriyato , attapaṭikkhepatoti imehi catūhi kāraṇehi anattā .
Vibhavagatikato
P0.49 , pubbāparavasena bhavasaṅkantigamanato , pakatibhāvavijahanato ca vipariṇāmadhammaṃ .Idaṃ aniccavevacanameva .
Rūpā aniccātiādīsupi eseva nayo .
Apicettha ṭhapetvā cakkhuṃ tebhūmakadhammā aniccā , no cakkhu .
Cakkhu pana cakkhu ceva aniccañca .
Tathā
V0.46 sesadhammā dukkhā , no cakkhu .Cakkhu
M0.46 pana cakkhu ceva dukkhañca .Sesadhammā anattā , no cakkhu .
Cakkhu pana cakkhu ceva anattā cāti .
Rūpādīsupi eseva nayo .
Imasmiṃ pana suttantabhājanīye tathāgatena kiṃ dassitanti ?
Dvādasannaṃ āyatanānaṃ anattalakkhaṇaṃ .
Sammāsambuddho hi anattalakkhaṇaṃ dassento aniccena vā dasseti , dukkhena vā , aniccadukkhehi vā .
Tattha ‘‘ cakkhu , attāti yo vadeyya , taṃ na upapajjati .
Cakkhussa uppādopi vayopi paññāyati .
Yassa kho pana uppādopi vayopi paññāyati ‘ attā me uppajjati ca veti cā ’ ti iccassa evamāgataṃ hoti .
Tasmā taṃ na upapajjati – cakkhu attāti yo vadeyya iti cakkhu anattā ’’ ti ( ma . ni .3.422).
Imasmiṃ sutte aniccena anattalakkhaṇaṃ dassesi .
‘‘ Rūpaṃ , bhikkhave , anattā .
Rūpañca hidaṃ , bhikkhave , attā abhavissa , na yidaṃ rūpaṃ ābādhāya saṃvatteyya ;
labbhetha ca rūpe – evaṃ me rūpaṃ hotu , evaṃ me rūpaṃ mā ahosīti .
Yasmā ca kho , bhikkhave , rūpaṃ anattā tasmā rūpaṃ ābādhāya saṃvattati ;
na ca labbhati rūpe – evaṃ me rūpaṃ hotu , evaṃ me rūpaṃ mā ahosī ’’ ti ( saṃ . ni .3.59; mahāva .20) imasmiṃ sutte dukkhena anattalakkhaṇaṃ dassesi .
‘‘ Rūpaṃ , bhikkhave , aniccaṃ , yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhaṃ , yaṃ dukkhaṃ tadanattā , yadanattā taṃ netaṃ mama , nesohamasmi , na meso attā ’’ tiādīsu ( saṃ . ni .3.15) aniccadukkhehi anattalakkhaṇaṃ dassesi .
Kasmā ?
Aniccadukkhānaṃ pākaṭattā .
Hatthato hi taṭṭake vā sarake vā kismiñcideva vā patitvā bhinne ‘ aho aniccan ’ ti vadanti .
Evaṃ aniccaṃ pākaṭaṃ nāma .
Attabhāvasmiṃ pana gaṇḍapiḷakādīsu vā uṭṭhitāsu khāṇukaṇṭakādīhi vā viddhāsu ‘ aho dukkhan ’ ti vadanti .
Evaṃ dukkhaṃ pākaṭaṃ nāma .
Anattalakkhaṇaṃ apākaṭaṃ andhakāraṃ avibhūtaṃ duppaṭivijjhaṃ duddīpanaṃ duppaññāpanaṃ
P0.50 .Aniccadukkhalakkhaṇāni uppādā vā tathāgatānaṃ anuppādā vā paññāyanti .
Anattalakkhaṇaṃ vinā buddhuppādā na paññāyati , buddhuppādeyeva paññāyati .
Mahiddhikā hi mahānubhāvā tāpasaparibbājakā sarabhaṅgasatthārādayopi ‘ aniccaṃ dukkhan ’ ti vattuṃ sakkonti ,‘ anattā ’ ti vattuṃ na sakkonti .
Sace hi te sampattaparisāya anattāti vattuṃ sakkuṇeyyuṃ , sampattaparisāya maggaphalapaṭivedho bhaveyya .
Anattalakkhaṇapaññāpanañhi aññassa kassaci avisayo , sabbaññubuddhānameva visayo .
Evametaṃ anattalakkhaṇaṃ apākaṭaṃ .
Tasmā satthā
M0.47 anattalakkhaṇaṃ dassentoV0.47 aniccena vā dassesi , dukkhena vā , aniccadukkhehi vā .Idha pana taṃ aniccadukkhehi dassesīti veditabbaṃ .
Imāni pana lakkhaṇāni kissa amanasikārā appaṭivedhā , kena paṭicchannattā , na upaṭṭhahanti ?
Aniccalakkhaṇaṃ tāva udayabbayānaṃ amanasikārā appaṭivedhā , santatiyā paṭicchannattā , na upaṭṭhāti .
Dukkhalakkhaṇaṃ abhiṇhasampaṭipīḷanassa amanasikārā appaṭivedhā , iriyāpathehi paṭicchannattā , na upaṭṭhāti .
Anattalakkhaṇaṃ nānādhātuvinibbhogassa amanasikārā appaṭivedhā , ghanena paṭicchannattā , na upaṭṭhāti .
Udayabbayaṃ pana pariggahetvā santatiyā vikopitāya aniccalakkhaṇaṃ yāthāvasarasato upaṭṭhāti .
Abhiṇhasampaṭipīḷanaṃ manasikatvā iriyāpathe ugghāṭite dukkhalakkhaṇaṃ yāthāvasarasato upaṭṭhāti .
Nānādhātuyo vinibbhujitvā ghanavinibbhoge kate anattalakkhaṇaṃ yāthāvasarasato upaṭṭhāti .
Ettha ca aniccaṃ aniccalakkhaṇaṃ , dukkhaṃ dukkhalakkhaṇaṃ , anattā anattalakkhaṇanti ayaṃ vibhāgo veditabbo .
Tattha aniccan ti khandhapañcakaṃ .
Kasmā ?
Uppādavayaññathattabhāvā , hutvā abhāvato vā ;
uppādavayaññathattaṃ aniccalakkhaṇaṃ , hutvā abhāvasaṅkhāto ākāravikāro vā .
‘‘ Yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhan ’’ ti vacanato pana tadeva khandhapañcakaṃ dukkhaṃ .
Kasmā ?
Abhiṇhasampaṭipīḷanato ;
abhiṇhasampaṭipīḷanākāro dukkhalakkhaṇaṃ .
‘‘ Yaṃ
P0.51 dukkhaṃ taṃ anattā ’’ ti pana vacanato tadeva khandhapañcakaṃ anattā .Kasmā ?
Avasavattanato ;
avasavattanākāro anattalakkhaṇaṃ .
Iti aññadeva aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattā , aññāni aniccadukkhānattalakkhaṇāni .
Pañcakkhandhā , dvādasāyatanāni , aṭṭhārasa dhātuyoti idañhi sabbampi aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattā nāma .
Vuttappakārākāravikārā aniccadukkhānattalakkhaṇānīti .
Saṅkhepato panettha dasāyatanāni kāmāvacarāni , dve tebhūmakāni .
Sabbesupi sammasanacāro kathitoti veditabbo .
Suttantabhājanīyavaṇṇanā .