(4.) Catukkaniddesavaṇṇanā
793. Catubbidhena ñāṇavatthuniddese atthi dinnan tiādīsu dinnapaccayā phalaṃ atthīti iminā upāyena attho veditabbo .
Idaṃ vuccatīti yaṃ ñāṇaṃ ‘ idaṃ kammaṃ sakaṃ , idaṃ no sakan ’ ti jānāti – idaṃ kammassakatañāṇaṃ nāma vuccatīti attho .
Tattha tividhaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ , catubbidhaṃ vacīduccaritaṃ , tividhaṃ manoduccaritanti idaṃ na sakakammaṃ nāma .
Tīsu dvāresu dasavidhampi sucaritaṃ sakakammaṃ nāma .
Attano vāpi hotu parassa vā sabbampi akusalaṃ na sakakammaṃ nāma .
Kasmā ?
Atthabhañjanato anatthajananato ca .
Attano vā hotu parassa vā sabbampi kusalaṃ sakakammaṃ nāma .
Kasmā ?
Anatthabhañjanato atthajananato ca .
Evaṃ jānanasamatthe imasmiṃ kammassakatañāṇe ṭhatvā bahuṃ dānaṃ datvā sīlaṃ pūretvā uposathaṃ samādiyitvā sukhena sukhaṃ sampattiyā sampattiṃ anubhavitvā nibbānaṃ pattānaṃ gaṇanaparicchedo natthi .
Yathā hi sadhano puriso pañcasu sakaṭasatesu sappimadhuphāṇitādīni ceva loṇatilataṇḍulādīni ca āropetvā kantāramaggaṃ paṭipanno kenacideva karaṇīyena atthe uppanne sabbesaṃ upakaraṇānaṃ gahitattā na cinteti , na paritassati , sukheneva khemantaṃ
M0.398 pāpuṇāti ;evameva imasmimpi kammassakatañāṇe ṭhatvā bahuṃ dānaṃ datvā … pe … nibbānaṃ pattānaṃ gaṇanapatho natthi .
Ṭhapetvā saccānulomikaṃ ñāṇan ti maggasaccassa paramatthasaccassa ca anulomanato saccānulomikanti laddhanāmaṃ vipassanāñāṇaṃ ṭhapetvā avasesā sabbāpi sāsavā kusalā paññā kammassakatañāṇamevāti attho .
794. Maggasamaṅgissa
V0.393 ñāṇaṃ dukkhepetaṃ ñāṇan ti ettha ekamevaP0.416 maggañāṇaṃ catūsu saccesu ekapaṭivedhavasena catūsu ṭhānesu saṅgahitaṃ . 796. Dhamme ñāṇan ti ettha maggapaññā tāva catunnaṃ saccānaṃ ekapaṭivedhavasena dhamme ñāṇaṃ nāma hotu ;
phalapaññā kathaṃ dhamme ñāṇaṃ nāmāti ?
Nirodhasaccavasena .
Duvidhāpi hesā paññā aparappaccaye atthapaccakkhe ariyasaccadhamme kiccato ca ārammaṇato ca pavattattā dhamme ñāṇanti veditabbā .
So iminā dhammenāti ettha maggañāṇaṃ dhammagocarattā gocaravohārena dhammoti vuttaṃ , upayogatthe vā karaṇavacanaṃ ;
imaṃ dhammaṃ ñātenāti attho ;
catusaccadhammaṃ jānitvā ṭhitena maggañāṇenāti vuttaṃ hoti .
Diṭṭhenāti dassanena ;
dhammaṃ passitvā ṭhitenāti attho .
Pattenāti cattāri ariyasaccāni patvā ṭhitattā dhammaṃ pattena .
Viditenāti maggañāṇena cattāri ariyasaccāni viditāni pākaṭāni katāni .
Tasmā taṃ dhammaṃ viditaṃ nāma hoti .
Tena viditadhammena .
Pariyogāḷhenāti catusaccadhammaṃ pariyogāhetvā ṭhitena .
Nayaṃ netīti atīte ca anāgate ca nayaṃ neti harati peseti .
Idaṃ pana na maggañāṇassa kiccaṃ , paccavekkhaṇañāṇassa kiccaṃ .
Satthārā pana maggañāṇaṃ atītānāgate nayaṃ nayanasadisaṃ kataṃ .
Kasmā ?
Maggamūlakattā .
Bhāvitamaggassa hi paccavekkhaṇā nāma hoti .
Tasmā satthā maggañāṇameva nayaṃ nayanasadisaṃ akāsi .
Apica evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo – yadetaṃ iminā catusaccagocaraṃ maggañāṇaṃ adhigataṃ , tena ñāṇena kāraṇabhūtena atītānāgate paccavekkhaṇañāṇasaṅkhātaṃ nayaṃ neti .
Idāni yathā tena nayaṃ neti , taṃ ākāraṃ dassetuṃ ye hi keci atītamaddhānan tiādimāha .
Tattha abbhaññaṃsūti jāniṃsu paṭivijjhiṃsu .
Imaññevāti yaṃ dukkhaṃ atīte abbhaññaṃsu , yañca anāgate abhijānissanti , na taññeva imaṃ ;
sarikkhaṭṭhena pana evaṃ vuttaṃ .
Atītepi hi ṭhapetvā taṇhaṃ tebhūmakakkhandheyeva
M0.399 dukkhasaccanti paṭivijjhiṃsu , taṇhaṃyevaP0.417 samudayasaccanti nibbānameva nirodhasaccanti ariyamaggameva maggasaccanti paṭivijjhiṃsu , anāgatepi evameva paṭivijjhissanti , etarahipi evameva paṭivijjhantīti sarikkhaṭṭhena ‘‘ imaññevā ’’ ti vuttaṃ .Idaṃ vuccati anvaye ñāṇan ti idaṃ anugamanañāṇaṃ nayanañāṇaṃ kāraṇañāṇanti vuccati .
Pariye
V0.394 ñāṇan ti cittaparicchedañāṇaṃ .Parasattānan ti ṭhapetvā attānaṃ sesasattānaṃ .
Itaraṃ tasseva vevacanaṃ .
Cetasā ceto paricca pajānātīti attano cittena tesaṃ cittaṃ sarāgādivasena paricchinditvā nānappakārato jānāti .
Sarāgaṃ vātiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ , taṃ heṭṭhā satipaṭṭhānavibhaṅge vuttameva .
Ayaṃ pana viseso – idha anuttaraṃ vā cittaṃ vimuttaṃ vā cittanti ettha lokuttarampi labbhati .
Avipassanūpagampi hi paracittañāṇassa visayo hotiyeva .
Avasesā paññāti dhamme ñāṇādikā tisso paññā ṭhapetvā sesā sabbāpi paññā ñāṇanti sammatattā sammutiñāṇaṃ nāma hoti .
Vacanattho panettha sammutimhi ñāṇanti sammutiñāṇaṃ .
797. Kāmāvacarakusale paññāti ayañhi ekantena vaṭṭasmiṃ cutipaṭisandhiṃ ācinateva , tasmā ‘‘ ācayāya no apacayāyā ’’ ti vuttā .
Lokuttaramaggapaññā pana yasmā cutipaṭisandhiṃ apacinateva , tasmā ‘‘ apacayāya no ācayāyā ’’ ti vuttā .
Rūpāvacarārūpāvacarapaññā cutipaṭisandhimpi ācinati , vikkhambhanavasena kilese ceva kilesamūlake ca dhamme apacinati , tasmā ‘‘ ācayāya ceva apacayāya cā ’’ ti vuttā .
Sesā neva cutipaṭisandhiṃ ācinati na apacinati , tasmā ‘‘ neva ācayāya no apacayāyā ’’ ti vuttā .
798. Na ca abhiññāyo paṭivijjhatīti idaṃ paṭhamajjhānapaññaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ .
Sā hissa kāmavivekena pattabbattā kilesanibbidāya saṃvattati .
Tāya cesa kāmesu vītarāgo hoti , abhiññāpādakabhāvaṃ pana appattatāya neva pañca abhiññāyo paṭivijjhati , nimittārammaṇattā na saccāni paṭivijjhati .
Evamayaṃ paññā nibbidāya hoti no paṭivedhāya .
Svevāti
P0.418 paṭhamajjhānaṃ patvā ṭhito .Kāmesu vītarāgo samānoti tathā vikkhambhitānaṃyeva kāmānaṃ vasena vītarāgo .
Abhiññāyo paṭivijjhatīti
M0.400 pañca abhiññāyo paṭivijjhati .Idaṃ catutthajjhānapaññaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ .
Catutthajjhānapaññā hi abhiññāpādakabhāvenāpi pañca abhiññāyo paṭivijjhati , abhiññābhāvappattiyāpi paṭivijjhati eva .
Tasmā sā paṭivedhāya hoti .
Paṭhamajjhānapaññāya eva pana kilesesupi nibbindattā no nibbidāya .
Yā panāyaṃ dutiyatatiyajjhānapaññā , sā katarakoṭṭhāsaṃ bhajatīti ?
Somanassavasena paṭhamajjhānampi bhajati , avitakkavasena catutthajjhānampi .
Evamesā paṭhamajjhānasannissitā vā catutthajjhānasannissitā vā kātabbā .
Nibbidāya
V0.395 ceva paṭivedhāya cāti maggapaññā sabbasmimpi vaṭṭe nibbindanato nibbidāya , chaṭṭhaṃ abhiññaṃ paṭivijjhanato paṭivedhāya ca hoti . 799. Paṭhamassa jhānassa lābhītiādīsu yvāyaṃ appaguṇassa paṭhamajjhānassa lābhī .
Taṃ tato vuṭṭhitaṃ ārammaṇavasena kāmasahagatā hutvā saññāmanasikārā samudācaranti tudanti codenti .
Tassa kāmānupakkhandānaṃ saññāmanasikārānaṃ vasena sā paṭhamajjhānapaññā hāyati parihāyati ;
tasmā hānabhāginīti vuttā .
Tadanudhammatāti tadanurūpasabhāvā .
Sati santiṭṭhatīti idaṃ micchāsatiṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ , na sammāsatiṃ .
Yassa hi paṭhamajjhānānurūpasabhāvā paṭhamajjhānaṃ santato paṇītato disvā assādayamānā abhinandamānā nikanti uppajjati , tassa nikantivasena sā paṭhamajjhānapaññā neva hāyati , na vaḍḍhati , ṭhitikoṭṭhāsikā hoti .
Tena vuttaṃ ṭhitibhāginī paññāti .
Avitakkasahagatāti avitakkaṃ dutiyajjhānaṃ santato paṇītato manasikaroto ārammaṇavasena avitakkasahagatā .
Samudācarantīti paguṇato paṭhamajjhānato vuṭṭhitaṃ dutiyajjhānādhigamatthāya tudanti codenti .
Tassa upari dutiyajjhānānupakkhandānaṃ saññāmanasikārānaṃ vasena sā paṭhamajjhānapaññā visesabhūtassa dutiyajjhānassa uppattiṭṭhānatāya visesabhāginīti vuttā .
Nibbidāsahagatāti tameva
P0.419 paṭhamajjhānato vuṭṭhitaṃ nibbidāsaṅkhātena vipassanāñāṇena sahagatā .Vipassanāñāṇañhi jhānaṅgabhede vattante nibbindati ukkaṇṭhati , tasmā nibbidāti vuccati .
Samudācarantīti nibbānasacchikiriyatthāya tudanti codenti .
Virāgūpasañhitāti virāgasaṅkhātena nibbānena upasaṃhitā .
Vipassanāñāṇamhi sakkā iminā maggena virāgaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikātunti pavattito ‘‘ virāgūpasañhitan ’’ ti vuccati .
Taṃsampayuttā saññāmanasikārāpi virāgūpasañhitā eva nāma .
Tassa tesaṃ saññāmanasikārānaṃ vasena sā paṭhamajjhānapaññā ariyamaggapaṭivedhassa
M0.401 padaṭṭhānatāya nibbedhabhāginīti vuttā .Evaṃ catūsu ṭhānesu paṭhamajjhānapaññāva kathitā .
Dutiyajjhānapaññādīsupi imināva nayena attho veditabbo .
801. Kicchena kasirena samādhiṃ uppādentassāti lokuttarasamādhiṃ uppādentassa pubbabhāge āgamanakāle kicchena kasirena dukkhena sasaṅkhārena sappayogena kilamantassa kilese vikkhambhetvā āgatassa .
Dandhaṃ taṇṭhānaṃ abhijānantassāti vikkhambhitesu kilesesu vipassanāparivāse ciraṃ vasitvā taṃ lokuttarasamādhisaṅkhātaṃ ṭhānaṃ dandhaṃ saṇikaṃ abhijānantassa paṭivijjhantassa
V0.396 , pāpuṇantassāti attho .Ayaṃ vuccatīti yā esā evaṃ uppajjati , ayaṃ kilesavikkhambhanapaṭipadāya dukkhattā , vipassanāparivāsapaññāya ca dandhattā maggakāle ekacittakkhaṇe uppannāpi paññā āgamanavasena dukkhapaṭipadā dandhābhiññā nāmāti vuccati .
Upari tīsu padesupi imināva nayena attho veditabbo .
802. Samādhissa na nikāmalābhissāti yo samādhissa na nikāmalābhī hoti , so tassa na nikāmalābhī nāma .
Yassa samādhi uparūpari samāpajjanatthāya ussakkituṃ paccayo na hoti , tassa appaguṇajjhānalābhissāti attho .
Ārammaṇaṃ thokaṃ pharantassāti paritte suppamatte vā sarāvamatte vā ārammaṇe parikammaṃ katvā tattheva appanaṃ patvā taṃ avaḍḍhitaṃ thokameva ārammaṇaṃ pharantassāti attho .
Sesapadesupi eseva nayo .
Nanikāmalābhīpaṭipakkhato hi paguṇajjhānalābhī ettha nikāmalābhīti vutto .
Avaḍḍhitārammaṇapaṭipakkhato ca vaḍḍhitārammaṇaṃ vipulan ti vuttaṃ .
Sesaṃ tādisameva .
Jarāmaraṇepetaṃ
P0.420 ñāṇan ti nibbānameva ārammaṇaṃ katvā catunnaṃ saccānaṃ ekapaṭivedhavasena etaṃ vuttaṃ .Jarāmaraṇaṃ ārabbhātiādīni pana ekekaṃ vatthuṃ ārabbha pavattikāle pubbabhāge saccavavatthāpanavasena vuttāni .
Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānatthamevāti .
Catukkaniddesavaṇṇanā .